CN101299546B - Solar power plant - Google Patents
Solar power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN101299546B CN101299546B CN2008103018069A CN200810301806A CN101299546B CN 101299546 B CN101299546 B CN 101299546B CN 2008103018069 A CN2008103018069 A CN 2008103018069A CN 200810301806 A CN200810301806 A CN 200810301806A CN 101299546 B CN101299546 B CN 101299546B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar power generation technology, which discloses a solar power generation device aiming to the defect that it is difficult to compose the photovoltaic alternative electric generation system with large capacity, high voltage and subharmonic because the unit capacity is small and the output voltage is low when boosting, isolating and filtering depending on the transformer. The inventive technical scheme includes a photovoltaic power unit and a computer main control system; the photovoltaic power unit includes a photovoltaic battery, an invert bridge, a communication and control module; N photovoltaic power units are connected in series to compose the photovoltaic power unit set. The solar power generation device performs the rectifying cascade to the photovoltaic power unit by the invert technology, processes the united control by the computer main control system, outputs the sine wave alternating current with the voltages of several kilovolts and power of megavwatt level. The invention can be widely used in all of the solar power generation systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy generation technology, particularly a kind of employing inversion transformation technique is integrated cascade to the photovoltaic cell group, and output voltage reaches more than several kilovolts, and power output reaches the solar power plant of MW class.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generation (solar power generation) technology is grasped by the mankind, and a lot of countries can the manufacture order crystal silicon, polysilicon and other film photovoltaic cell etc., as energy conversion device, solar energy is become electric energy offer power consumption equipment.At present, photovoltaic cell can be carried out necessary connection in series-parallel and form the photovoltaic cell group, the output of photovoltaic cell group is directly connected to the power input of power consumption equipment, just can use for the power consumption equipment of low-voltage, low capacity.For the power consumption equipment that needs alternating current, generally between photovoltaic cell group and power consumption equipment, insert an inverter circuit, inverter circuit becomes the dc inverter of photovoltaic cell group the alternating current such as the single-phase 220V/50Hz of certain frequency, certain voltage specification, perhaps three-phase 380V/50Hz, make the AC electric equipment can operate as normal, this photovoltaic cell group adds inverter circuit and has just formed the photovoltaic ac power generation.It comprises photovoltaic cell group, inverter circuit and isolating transformer, wherein isolating transformer play boost, the effect of isolation and filtering.
Owing to be subjected to the withstand voltage restriction of switching device in the inverter circuit technology limitation up till now, particularly inversion electric bridge, the capacity of present photovoltaic ac power generation is at several hectowatts, several kilowatts to tens kilowatts, output voltage is less than 1000V.Its circuit topology can't satisfy more than several kilovolts, the needs of the photovoltaic generating system of MW class.
In sum, the shortcoming of existing photovoltaic ac power generation is: single-machine capacity is little, and output voltage is low, relies on that transformer boosts, isolation and filtering, is difficult to constitute the photovoltaic alternating current power-generating system of big capacity, high voltage, low harmonic wave.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is exactly the photovoltaic power generation apparatus at prior art, and single-machine capacity is little, and output voltage is low; Depend on that transformer boosts, isolation and filtering, be difficult to constitute big capacity, high voltage, low harmonic wave generating device shortcoming, provide a kind of computer-controlled inverter stage joint group to close the photovoltaic generation equipment of formation, to improve the output voltage and the power output of generating equipment.
The technical scheme that the present invention solve the technical problem employing is that solar power plant comprises photovoltaic power unit and computer master control system; Described photovoltaic power unit comprises photovoltaic cell group, inversion electric bridge, communication and control module; Described inversion electric bridge control end is connected with communication and control module, the pwm signal of receiving computer master control system output, and the direct current that the photovoltaic cell group is exported converts pulse current to, and by output U port and V port output; It is characterized in that, the U port of N photovoltaic power unit and V port composition photovoltaic power in sequential series unit group, each communication and control module are connected with the computer master control system; The U port of first photovoltaic power unit and the V port of last photovoltaic power unit constitute the output of this photovoltaic power unit group, and its output waveform is the sine wave of characteristic frequency; Described N 〉=2;
Further, described photovoltaic power unit is connected with shunting device, and described shunting device is connected with communication and control module, makes this photovoltaic power unit bypass when described photovoltaic power cell failure;
Further, described inversion electric bridge direct-flow input end is connected with current sensing means and voltage check device, and described current sensing means all is connected with communication and control module with voltage check device;
Concrete, described inversion electric bridge can constitute by GTO or by IGBT or by IGCT or by GTR;
Further, described photovoltaic power unit also comprises voltage stabilizing circuit, and described voltage stabilizing circuit is connected between photovoltaic cell group output and the inversion electric bridge; Described voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with communication and control module;
Further, described photovoltaic power unit also comprises electrical storage device, and described electrical storage device is connected circuit output end of pressure-stabilizing; Described electrical storage device is connected with communication and control module;
Further, the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the Y type, the output three-phase alternating current;
Perhaps, the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the △ type, the output three-phase alternating current.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, owing to adopt cascade output, broken through the restriction of inversion bridge switches device withstand voltage, can not rely on the transformer output HIGH voltage, and the harmonic wave of output voltage distortion is low, power output is big, and is reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are four kinds of photovoltaic power cell schematics that structure is different;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiment 2;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail.
Inversion electric bridge concatenation technology is used very general at the high-voltage high-power frequency transformator neighborhood.The inversion electric bridge is as the power cell of frequency converter, and its output voltage and power are directly related with the output voltage and the power of frequency converter.For output voltage and the power that improves transducer power unit, a plurality of inversion electric bridges can be carried out cascade, can export the sine wave alternating current of tens kV by computer control, high power AC equipment is controlled, constitute so-called tandem type high-voltage high-power frequency transformator.Can be about the detailed introduction that inversion electric bridge concatenation technology is used in the frequency converter field referring to open day on August 12nd, 1998, publication number is the Chinese invention patent application " high-voltage large-power frequency convertor without power network pollution " of CN1190278A.This patent is based on the stabilized power supply from power network, by the high voltage sine wave alternating current of inversion electric bridge cascade output frequency adjustable.Its inversion electric bridge concatenation technology can be used as understands reference of the present invention.
The present invention utilizes inversion electric bridge concatenation technology, and a plurality of photovoltaic power units in series are got up, and constitutes photovoltaic power unit group, and with present device withstand voltage level, the voltage of exporting tens kV is no problem fully.
Photovoltaic power unit shown in Figure 1 comprises a photovoltaic cell group 201 that driven by Y-axis motor 202, X-axis motor 203; Boost (boost type) voltage stabilizing circuit of being formed by switching device 205, inductance 204, diode 206 and capacitor 207; The single-phase full bridge inverter circuit (inversion electric bridge) that constitutes by four identical switching devices 208; The electrical storage device 212 that constitutes by storage battery and control circuit thereof; One is the communication and the control module 215 of core with CPU, this module externally has an optical-fibre communications input terminal 104 and an optical-fibre communications lead-out terminal 105, be used for digital communication with the computer master control system, finish the best and shine upon direction control, storage battery control, the control of voltage stabilizing circuit operating state, the control of inversion electric bridge operating state etc., parameters with the photovoltaic power unit returns to the computer master control system simultaneously, and that whole photovoltaic power cell is operated in is controlled, under the stable state of closed loop.This photovoltaic power unit goes for the extremely unsettled environment of illumination.
Switching device 205,208 can be by GTO (turn-off SCR) or by IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) or by IGCT formations such as (integrated gate commutated thyristors).Voltage stabilizing circuit output galvanic current forms dc bus, offer the single-phase full bridge inverter circuit, under the pwm signal control of computer master control system output, the single-phase full bridge inverter circuit converts direct current to alternating-current pulse, and by U port one 02, V port 103 outputs.Also be connected with current sensing means 213 and voltage check device 214 on the dc bus, current sensing means 213 is connected with communication and control module with voltage check device 214, so that by the computer master control system electric current and voltage are monitored and controlled.
Fig. 2 is another kind of photovoltaic power cellular construction schematic diagram, and except voltage stabilizing circuit adopted Buck (buck) voltage stabilizing circuit, other structures were identical with photovoltaic power cellular construction shown in Figure 1 among the figure.The Buck voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of switching device 205, inductance 204, diode 206 and capacitor 207.This circuit is applicable to the metastable environment of illumination.
The inversion electric bridge that photovoltaic power cellular construction shown in Figure 3 has adopted diode clamp tri-level inversion half-bridge circuit to constitute, diode 209,210 is a clamp diode among the figure.As can be seen, capacitor 207 is made up of two capacitors in series among the figure, and the tie point of two capacitors is connected with the V port 103 of photovoltaic power unit.Other structures of this photovoltaic power unit are referring to Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the photovoltaic power unit that is made up by the inversion electric bridge that Buck voltage stabilizing circuit and diode clamp tri-level inversion half-bridge circuit constitute, diode 209,210 is a clamp diode among the figure, capacitor 207 also is made up of two capacitors in series among the figure, and the tie point of two capacitors is connected with the V port 103 of photovoltaic power unit.Other structures of this photovoltaic power unit can be referring to Fig. 3.
Embodiment 1
Data and the kind of photovoltaic cell at sunshine according to the locality, in the photovoltaic power unit of above-mentioned four kinds of structures, select the individual identical photovoltaic power unit 101 of N (N 〉=2), be placed on the optimum position of accepting sunlight according to landform, use flexible cable 404 to connect, the V port 103 of first photovoltaic power unit is connected with the U port one 02 of second photovoltaic power unit ..., form a photovoltaic power unit group.The U port of first photovoltaic power unit and the V port of last photovoltaic power unit constitute the output (U port 402 and V port 403) of this photovoltaic power unit group.Optical-fibre communications input terminal 104, the optical-fibre communications lead-out terminal 105 of each photovoltaic power unit are connected with computer master control system 401.In order to detect the electric current and the voltage of whole photovoltaic power cell group, be connected current sensing means 405 and the voltage check device 406 that links with computer master control system 401 respectively on U port 402 and the V port 403.Referring to Fig. 5.
Under the normal solar radiation operating state; computer master control system 401 carries out that photovoltaic power unit waveform calculates, sunlight control, the control of photovoltaic power unit electrical storage device, the control of being incorporated into the power networks, power factor controlling and all kinds of protection controls etc. are aimed in the control of photovoltaic power unit dc bus, the control of photovoltaic power unit inversion electric bridge, photovoltaic cell group, can obtain stable high quality sine wave voltage at the output (U port 402 and V port 403) of photovoltaic power unit group.If some photovoltaic powers unit breaks down, computer master control system 401 can make the shunting device (not shown) that is connected on its inversion electric bridge enter bypass state, this photovoltaic power unit is by bypass, adjust the waveform reassembly algorithm then, change the pwm signal waveform of the inner inversion electric bridge of each power cell control end, keep the continuous sine wave of photovoltaic power unit group outputting high quality.If expect higher voltage, can increase the quantity of photovoltaic power units in series.With the typical IGBT of the present withstand voltage 1700V switching device as the inversion electric bridge, the high-quality AC sine wave of 20kV/50Hz can be exported in 30 grades of totally 30 the photovoltaic power unit (being N=30) of connecting.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 6 shows the structural representation of three-phase Y type solar power plant.With three identical photovoltaic power unit groups, three U port short circuits of (it is formed referring to embodiment 1), form neutral point 501, other three V ports connect threephase switch 502, and connect electrical network adaption system and electrical network 503 by switch 502.Optical-fibre communications input 104, the optical-fibre communications output 105 of each photovoltaic power unit are connected with computer master control system 401; Current sensor 405, voltage sensor 406 also are connected to computer master control system 401.
Under the normal solar radiation operating state; computer master control system 401 is carried out the waveform calculating of photovoltaic power unit, the control of photovoltaic power unit dc bus, the control of photovoltaic power unit inverter, the control of photovoltaic cell group frame aligning sunlight, photovoltaic power unit battery management, the control of being incorporated into the power networks, power factor controlling and all kinds of protection control; and the output waveform that makes three photovoltaic power unit groups has 120 ° phase difference each other; three V ports in photovoltaic power unit group can obtain stable high-quality three-phase sine wave voltage.If some photovoltaic powers unit breaks down, computer master control system 401 can make this photovoltaic power unit enter bypass state, by adjusting the waveform reassembly algorithm, keeps high-quality three-phase sine-wave output.If expect higher voltage, just can increase the quantity of photovoltaic power unit, as switching device, 30 grades of totally 90 the photovoltaic power unit of connecting can the high-quality three phase AC sine wave of output line voltage 34kV/50Hz with the typical IGBT of present withstand voltage 1700V.
Embodiment 3
According to the locality sunshine data and the kind of photovoltaic cell among four kinds of internal structures (seeing Fig. 1～4), select a kind of photovoltaic power unit to constitute photovoltaic power unit group (it is formed referring to embodiment 1).The output of three photovoltaic power unit groups is linked from beginning to end, and promptly the U port and the V port of three photovoltaic power unit groups link respectively, form △ type annexation, as shown in Figure 7.Leg-of-mutton three tops connect threephase switch 502, connect electrical network adaption system and electrical network 503 by 502.Optical-fibre communications input 104, the optical-fibre communications output 105 of each photovoltaic power unit are connected in the system 401, current sensor 405, voltage sensor 406 also are connected to computer master control system 401.
Under the normal solar radiation operating state; computer master control system 401 is carried out the waveform calculating of photovoltaic power unit, the control of photovoltaic power unit dc bus, the control of photovoltaic power unit inverter, the control of photovoltaic cell group frame aligning sunlight, photovoltaic power unit battery management, the control of being incorporated into the power networks, power factor controlling and all kinds of protection control; and the output waveform that makes three photovoltaic power unit groups has 120 ° phase difference each other, can obtain stable high-quality three-phase sine wave voltage.If some photovoltaic powers unit breaks down, computer master control system 401 can make this photovoltaic power unit enter bypass state, and adjusts the waveform reassembly algorithm, keeps high-quality continuous sinewave output.If expect higher voltage, just can increase the quantity of photovoltaic power unit, as switching device, 30 grades of totally 90 the photovoltaic power unit of connecting can the high-quality three phase AC sine wave of output line voltage 20kV/50Hz with the typical IGBT of present withstand voltage 1700V.
The computer master control system of patent of the present invention, be connected with each power cell by the optical-fibre communications circuit, because the dc bus of each photovoltaic power unit is a stable and controllable, and the control of the special vector operation of computer master control system, can export the high quality sine wave power supply of big capacity, high voltage, low harmonic wave expeditiously, output voltage values is not subjected to the withstand voltage restriction of switching device, progression many more (N is big more), and voltage is high more.Owing to the photovoltaic power unit uses cable, optical fiber or the like flexible connecting method, can satisfy to adapt to the needs that the photovoltaic power cell array is set on the different landform in the open air, each photovoltaic power unit does not need transformer to isolate output.
Claims (10)
1. solar power plant comprises photovoltaic power unit and computer master control system; Described photovoltaic power unit comprises photovoltaic cell group, inversion electric bridge, communication and control module; Described inversion electric bridge control end is connected with communication and control module, the pwm signal of receiving computer master control system output, and the direct current that the photovoltaic cell group is exported converts pulse current to, and by output U port and V port output; It is characterized in that, the U port of N photovoltaic power unit and V port composition photovoltaic power in sequential series unit group, each communication and control module are connected with the computer master control system; The U port of first photovoltaic power unit and the V port of last photovoltaic power unit constitute the output of this photovoltaic power unit group, and its output waveform is the sine wave of characteristic frequency; Described N 〉=2.
2. solar power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described photovoltaic power unit is connected with shunting device, and described shunting device is connected with communication and control module, makes this photovoltaic power unit bypass when described photovoltaic power cell failure.
3. solar power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inversion electric bridge direct-flow input end is connected with current sensing means and voltage check device, and described current sensing means all is connected with communication and control module with voltage check device.
4. solar power plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described inversion electric bridge can constitute by GTO or by IGBT or by IGCT or by GTR.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described solar power plants, it is characterized in that described photovoltaic power unit also comprises voltage stabilizing circuit, described voltage stabilizing circuit is connected between photovoltaic cell group output and the inversion electric bridge; Described voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with communication and control module.
6. solar power plant according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described photovoltaic power unit also comprises electrical storage device, and described electrical storage device is connected circuit output end of pressure-stabilizing; Described electrical storage device is connected with communication and control module.
7. solar power plant according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the Y type, the output three-phase alternating current.
8. solar power plant according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the △ type, the output three-phase alternating current.
9. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described solar power plants, it is characterized in that the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the Y type, the output three-phase alternating current.
10. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described solar power plants, it is characterized in that the photovoltaic power unit group that 3 output waveforms is had given phase relation connects into the △ type, the output three-phase alternating current.
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| CN2008103018069A CN101299546B (en) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Solar power plant |
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| CN101841174B (en) * | 2010-01-11 | 2012-11-21 | 艾默生网络能源有限公司 | Solar charge control method |
| US9673732B2 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2017-06-06 | Infineon Technologies Austria Ag | Power converter circuit |
| CN102684543A (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-09-19 | 南京博时上辉电子科技有限公司 | 350W small power modular H inverter bridge cascade stage solar inverter system |
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Assignee: JIANGSU YINHUAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Assignor: Liang Zhilong|Cui Yang Contract record no.: 2012320000595 Denomination of invention: Solar generating apparatus Granted publication date: 20110525 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20081105 Record date: 20120514 |
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Application publication date: 20081105 Assignee: JIANGSU YINHUAN NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Assignor: Liang Zhilong|Cui Yang Contract record no.: 2012320000595 Denomination of invention: Solar generating apparatus Granted publication date: 20110525 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20120514 |
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