CN101176049A - Dynamic optimization of efficiency using dead time and fet drive control - Google Patents
Dynamic optimization of efficiency using dead time and fet drive control Download PDFInfo
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- CN101176049A CN101176049A CNA2005800103473A CN200580010347A CN101176049A CN 101176049 A CN101176049 A CN 101176049A CN A2005800103473 A CNA2005800103473 A CN A2005800103473A CN 200580010347 A CN200580010347 A CN 200580010347A CN 101176049 A CN101176049 A CN 101176049A
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Abstract
A power converter (200) uses a control method to optimize efficiency by dynamically optimizing a controlled parameter. A change in efficiency of the converter (200) after changing at least one controlled parameter is determined. The direction of change in efficiency of the converter is compared to a direction of the change in the controlled parameter. The controlled parameter is changed in a positive direction when the direction in the change in the efficiency of the converter and the direction of the change in the controlled parameter are the same and changed in a negative direction when the direction in the change in the efficiency of the converter and the direction of the change in the controlled parameter are opposite. The controlled parameters may include dead time between turn-on and turn-off and between turn-off and turn-on of the primary (202) and corresponding secondary side (204) switches of the controller (206), drive voltage(s) for the switches (202, 204), and intermediate bus voltages.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric power converter, for example be used for the electric power converter of power supply, more specifically, relate to by maximal efficiency point and follow the tracks of (or minimum power input point is followed the tracks of) electric power converter with the implementation efficiency dynamic optimization.
Background technology
In the design such as the power electronics converter system of DC-to-DC converter, some design parameter needs optimization to raise the efficiency and converter performance.Some is that load is relevant in these parameters, and input voltage/output voltage is correlated with, and assembly is correlated with, and/or temperature correlation.For the such design of concrete load, input, output, assembly and temperature, can improve single design point efficient, but can not bring optimum efficiency and performance under different loads and the line status, and, can not guarantee to raise the efficiency at this design point owing to assembly and variation of temperature.
Digitial controller is applied more and more, in the complication system that comprises power electronic system, this is because the various advantages of digitial controller, for example, carry out complicated and strengthen control strategy ability, low in energy consumption, reliability, the dirigibility that reconfigures, eliminate component tolerances and aging, and be easy to integrated and have the digital display circuit interface.Certainly, in simulation system, use digitial controller such as the power electronics DC-to-DC converter, still have some shortcoming/challenges, comprise that digitial controller requires required high resolving power and is the required high-speed figure controller of the dynamic requirements that satisfies converter for the adjusting of the strictness of satisfying converter.These two requirements also can cause cost to increase.Fortunately, the digitial controller technology is fast-developing, makes to obtain to have more high-resolution speed digitial controller faster under lower cost.
Digitial controller is carried out the ability of complicated algorithm, make it be easy to the responding system behavior and use can the adapt systematic parameter the Adaptive Control algorithm, to reach more performance and stability.Therefore, Adaptive Control device itself is a kind of controller that can revise its behavior behind opertaing device or environment change.
Isolate and non-isolating converter in, should an optimized important parameters be connection (ON) at switch and the Dead Time (dead time) between the disconnection (OFF), with diode current flow in the body that prevents switch.For example, in secondary topology such as the current-doubler topology, the conduction of diode should be avoided in mos field effect transistor (MOSFET) body, to obtain better efficient, especially for the application of low output voltage, High Output Current, at this moment, the conduction loss of diode can become more serious in the body, need switch on and off between the switch of main limit and disconnect and connect the minimum Dead Time (time delay) that may reach between the corresponding secondary-side switch (synchronous rectifier or SR).Simultaneously, described Dead Time should long enough, is short-circuited when avoiding two secondary SR switches to connect and accept from voltage that main limit applies at the same time.
The selection of Dead Time and optimization are not easy tasks, and are difficult to be issued under full load/initial conditions with under different assembly ghost effects and temperature conditions.A kind of method of finishing this task is that this dead band time is fixed as the normal value that can satisfy worst condition.This can realize by a kind of simple resistance-capacitance (RC) delay circuit, Dead Time to be set switching on and off between the corresponding switch.This method is simple, but unfortunately, can cause lower efficient, this be because Dead Time have to be provided with long enough, to cover whole load/input range and to cover other variation such as temperature variation.The method that another kind is provided with Dead Time is also correspondingly this dead band time to be made amendment by the conducting of diode in the detector switch body.This method has reduced the loss of diode in the body and thereby has improved efficient.But, still conducting of diode in the body, and still have sizable loss, especially under higher switching frequency and situation than High Output Current.Described task is difficult to also in isolated topology realize that this is that this delay is different with line condition because of different loads with leakage inductance owing to be used to produce the caused delay of insulator of drive signal and the leakage inductance of transformer.
Summary of the invention
According to an aspect of the present invention, electric power converter has a kind of dynamic optimization controlled parameter of passing through so that the control method of efficiency optimizationization.After changing at least one controlled parameter, can determine the efficiency change of described converter.The efficiency change direction of described converter and the change direction of described controlled parameter are compared.When the change direction of the efficiency change direction of described converter and described controlled parameter is identical, described controlled parameter is towards positive change, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the efficiency change direction of described converter and described controlled parameter, described controlled parameter changes towards negative sense.
In one aspect of the invention, described controlled parameter be included between the switching on and off of SR switch of described controller of described main limit and corresponding secondary and disconnect and connect between Dead Time and (respectively) driving voltage of described switch.
In one aspect of the invention, described controlled parameter comprises described switch (respectively) driving voltage.
In one aspect of the invention, described controlled parameter comprises described Dead Time and described (respectively) driving voltage.
By the detailed description that hereinafter provides, further application of the present invention will become obvious.Should be understood that detailed description and concrete example that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described are exemplary, not in order to limit the scope of the invention.
Description of drawings
By following the detailed description and the accompanying drawings, will be more can complete understanding the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the basic flow sheet of method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is to use the method for optimization Dead Time of the present invention to control the rough schematic view of isolated half-bridge DC-to-DC converter, and wherein this isolated half-bridge DC-to-DC converter is as example but not is used for restriction;
Fig. 3 is the sequential chart of the main switching waveform of DC-to-DC converter among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is that efficient when the DC-to-DC converter that the method for using optimization Dead Time of the present invention is come control chart 2 is with respect to the curve map of Dead Time;
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the curve map of efficient with respect to Dead Time, shown method of the present invention under the different loads state with under different input voltages, how to be used for the optimization Dead Time;
Fig. 6 is to use the method for optimization Dead Time of the present invention to come the process flow diagram of the DC-to-DC converter of control chart 2;
Fig. 7 is to use the rough schematic view of the method control isolated half-bridge DC-to-DC converter of optimization switches driving voltage of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is to use the method for optimization driving voltage of the present invention to come the process flow diagram of the DC-to-DC converter of control chart 7;
Fig. 9 is to use the method for optimization switches driving voltage of the present invention to control the rough schematic view of isolated forward formula converter.
Embodiment
Description to (respectively) preferred embodiment in fact only is exemplary below, and never is to limit the present invention, its application or use by any way.
According to the present invention, a kind of method of controlling electric power converter is meant maximal efficiency point tracking (" MEPT ") at this, but the one or more systematic parameters of tracker efficient and dynamic optimization, these parameters are meant " controlled parameter " herein, thereby make maximizing efficiency, perhaps in other words, be that the power input point of facilitating maximizing efficiency is minimized.Like this, but systematic parameter or controlled parameter be can influence system's operation and Be Controlled or change parameter with optimized efficiency.But the efficient that MEPT method of the present invention is followed the tracks of described converter is with the optimum value of (respectively) parameter of finding out dynamic adjustments, the dynamic adjustments of described (respectively) parameter is the change direction (Δ Eff.) by tracking converter efficient, be that efficient is increase or reduces, with the change direction (Δ CP) of following the tracks of controlled parameter, be that controlled parameter is increased or is reduced, and correspondingly the described controlled parameter of dynamic adjustments realize.
Fig. 1 shows the basic flow sheet of the single-wheel algorithm of MEPT method of the present invention.This MEPT method is from step 100, and uses following formula (1) to calculate the efficient (Eff (n)) of described converter in step 102.In step 104, use following formula (2) to calculate the efficiency change (Δ Eff.) of described converter, and use following formula (3) to calculate the variation (Δ CP) of described controlled parameter.In step 106, this method determines whether Δ Eff. changes (being whether Δ Eff. has identical sign with Δ CP) with identical direction with Δ CP.If Δ Eff changes with identical direction with Δ CP, this method forwards step 108 to, and controlled parameter in step 108 (CP) changes towards the direction identical with change direction in the preceding step, and then, this method is restarted in step 112.If Δ Eff and Δ CP change with opposite direction, this method forwards step 110 to, controlled parameter in step 110 (CP) towards with preceding step in the direction that changes in the opposite direction change.
ΔEff.＝Eff(n)-Eff(n-1) (2)
ΔCP＝CP(n)-CP(n-1) (3)
(Eff (n) is the current efficiency value under current controlled parameter value CP (n); Eff (n-1) is the previous efficiency value under the controlled parameter value CP (n) formerly).
Referring now to the example of Fig. 2 MEPT method of the present invention is described, in the example of Fig. 2, show the isolated half-bridge DC-to-DC converter 200 with power conversion circuit 201, it has is the input side on main limit 202 in this example and is the outgoing side of secondary 204 in this example.In the example of Fig. 2, secondary 204 is current-doublers.Converter 200 is controlled by controller 206, and each output example ground of controller 206 is connected to main limit switch S by driving circuit 207
1, S
2With secondary-side switch S
a, S
bSwitch input.Exemplarily, switch S
1, S
2, S
aAnd S
bFor switch being imported field effect transistor (FET) as grid.As known, for each main limit and secondary-side switch, driving circuit 207 can comprise driver, for example UCC37321 or LM5101 driver.In this exemplary embodiment, (respectively) Dead Time parameter of the efficient of MEPT method tracking converter 200 of the present invention and the described main limit of optimization switch-secondary-side switch, with diode conducting between the after production period in the body that prevents described switch, thereby reduce diode current flow and reverse recovery loss in the body, therefore can raise the efficiency.
MEPT method of the present invention exemplarily realizes in controller 206.Like this, as exemplary and without limitation, controller 206 can be a microcontroller, and the control of converter 200 is realized by the programming software in the controller 206.Should be understood that controller 206 and the control function that is realized thereof can be the integrated circuit and the analog of hard wire Digital Logic, application specific.Should be understood that the description that MEPT method of the present invention is applied to converter 200 is as example rather than restriction, this MEPT method can be applicable to the converter except the isolated half-bridge DC-to-DC converter.Can use conventional symmetry control, asymmetric (complementation) control, or dutycycle phase shift (DCS) control comes control transformation device 200.In the example, converter 200 is DCS control, but should be understood that this is exemplary and nonrestrictive below, and the control of other type, those control types of for example just having mentioned also can be in order to control transformation device 200.
The main limit 202 of converter 200 has main limit switch S
1, S
2And capacitor C
S1, C
S2Direct voltage source V
InPositive side be connected to capacitor C
S1A side and main limit switch S
2A side.V
InMinus side or public side be connected to ground, capacitor C
S2A side and main limit switch S
1A side also be connected to ground.Capacitor C
S1And C
S2Second side connect together main limit switch S at contact A
1And S
2Second side connect together at contact B.Contact A is connected to transformer T
1A side of main limit winding 208, and contact B is connected to transformer T
1The opposite side of main limit winding 208.
The secondary 204 of converter 200 comprises secondary-side switch S
a, S
b, inductor L
1, L
2With output capacitance C
o, they link together in the current-doubler topology of mentioning.Secondary-side switch S
aA side be connected to transformer T
1A side and the inductor L of secondary winding 210
1A side, secondary-side switch S
aSecond side be connected to ground.Secondary-side switch S
bA side be connected to transformer T
1The opposite side and the inductor L of secondary winding 210
2A side.Inductor L
1And L
2Second side connect together and provide the positive output 214 of converter 200.Output capacitance C
oBe connected inductor L
1And L
2Contact and ground end between.
Fig. 3 shows the used main switching waveform of controller 206, and controller 206 is used to control the converter 200 of the DCS control that use mentions.As shown in Figure 3, in main limit switch S
1, S
2Signal (V
Gs-1, V
Gs-2) rising edge and corresponding secondary-side switch S
a, S
bSignal (V
Gs-a, V
Gs-b) negative edge between have Dead Time (t
Dr); In main limit switch S
1, S
2Signal (V
Gs-1, V
Gs-2) negative edge and corresponding secondary-side switch S
a, S
bSignal (V
Gs-a, V
Gs-b) rising edge between have Dead Time (t
Df).In order to reduce S
aAnd S
bCorresponding body in diode losses, should be to t
DrAnd t
DfCarry out optimization.For the purpose of simplifying and discussing, can suppose t
Dr=t
Df=t
dEven in actual conditions, may not be like this.If t
DrAnd t
DfUnequal, can give their different initial values or corresponding optimization algorithm.
Fig. 4 is that efficient is with respect to Dead Time (t
d) curve, show (CP=t when the optimized control variable of needs is Dead Time
d), use MEPT method of the present invention with optimization Dead Time (t
Dr, t
Df) situation.In Fig. 4, t
DoIt is the optimum dead zone time value of facilitating maximal efficiency.Along with t
dBecome greater than t
Do, the efficient of described converter drops to the efficient point corresponding to diode current flow in applying the gamut switch body of voltage always, and decrease in efficiency is to zero.Along with t
dBecome less than t
Do, described efficient descends fast, and this is because when when main limit applies voltage, and two secondary-side switch are all connected and are caused short circuit.
Fig. 5 A and 5B are the curve of efficient with respect to Dead Time, show MEPT method of the present invention and how be used for the optimization Dead Time under different loads and input voltage state.This MEPT method is followed the tracks of for example efficient of converter 200 of described converter, and upgrades optimization Dead Time value along with change the described converter efficiency variation that causes owing to state.Compare with the converter that does not use the MEPT control method, especially under the higher load electric current and switching frequency of load on a large scale and circuit variation, this converter makes efficient significantly improve.
The efficient of calculating converter needs accurate sensing and uses four signals, the i.e. output voltage (V of described converter
o), the output current (I of described converter
o), the input voltage (V of described converter
In) and the input current (I of described converter
In).Described calculating also needs: three multiplication that use big amount controller resource and computing time.And, since relating to, efficiency calculation uses four transducing signals, any error when these four signals of sensing makes that all the error of calculation is exaggerated.
To further studies show that of these four signals, to secured adjusted output voltage (V
o) under certain circuit (V
In) and load (I
o) point, input current (I
In) be to be enough to show that converter efficiency changes, promptly converter efficiency is the parameter that increases or descend.The maximal efficiency point appears at for the minimum input current point under the given input voltage, that is, and and for fixing V
In, I
oAnd V
o, because for fixing output power, the power input of converter will minimize, so work as I
InHour, described converter efficiency is higher.Therefore, describe, when realizing the MEPT method, can exemplarily use I as following
InDetermine converter efficiency.Can notice, because I
InSensing normally for the purpose of protection and/or control, therefore use I
InDetermine that converter efficiency is meant, by the signal of sensing, realize that the MEPT method does not need any extra signal of sensing except usually.
Fig. 6 is used to realize the exemplary process diagram of MEPT method with the software program of control dead area time.This program exemplarily realizes in controller 206 (Fig. 2), and to the description of this program with reference to converter 200 and controller 206.This program obtains I from step 600 in step 602
InN sampling, for example by using the analogue-to-digital converters (ADC) that can exemplarily be included in the controller 206 to carry out, storage sampling afterwards, for example can be stored in the storer of controller 206, in step 606, each sampling is averaged then, and carry out filtering eliminating noise, and produce I by conventional low pass (LP) digital filter difference equation
In(n).In step 606, with I
In(n) with the lowest high-current value i that is used for overcurrent protection
MaxCompare.Increasing described protection is at working as owing to mistake t
dBe provided with too small and cause the situation of short circuit.If I
In(n) 〉=i
Max, then in step 608 with t
dBe made as worst case value t
The d-worst condition, when waited for a predetermined number switching cycle in step 610 after, this program forwards step 600 to restart this process then.If I
In(n)＜i
Max, then in step 612, use following formula (4) and (5) to calculate I
InPreceding value and new value poor, and t
dCurrency and preceding value poor.
ΔI
in＝I
in(n-1)-I
in(n) (4)
Δt
d＝t
d(n)-t
d(n-1) (5)
In step 614, test to determine Δ I
InWhether has abundant value (i
e) to upgrade t
dIf Δ I
InHas abundant value (i
e), then this program carries out 616.If Δ I
InDo not have abundant value (i
e), then after step 610 was waited for a predetermined number switching cycle, this program was returned beginning.
In step 616, by with I
In(n-1) and t
d(n-1) be set to and I
In(n) and t
d(n) equate respectively, I
In(n-1) and t
d(n-1) upgrade.
Whether test in step 618 identical with the symbol (positive sign or negative sign) of definite formula (4) and formula (5).If identical, then current efficient-Dead Time point is positioned at t as shown in Figure 4
DoThe left side, and in step 620, t
dIncrease t
StepTo move to described maximal efficiency point.If inequality, then current efficient-Dead Time point is positioned at t as shown in Figure 4
DoThe right side, and in step 622, t
dReduce t
StepTo move to described maximal efficiency point.
After step 610 had been waited for a predetermined number switching cycle, this program was returned beginning.
But Dead Time only is to use MEPT method optimization of the present invention with one in the systematic parameter that improves converter efficiency.The example of other parameter comprise common usefulness decide (respectively) driving voltage value of being applied on the grid of FET of limit and secondary-side switch, put on Dead Time between the switching frequency on the switch of main limit, high side and the low side switch and the intermediate bus voltage in the cascaded inverters system.By along with input voltage variation, load variations and variation of ambient temperature are regulated these parameters, but this MEPT method dynamic tracking maximal efficiency.For example, driving voltage influences conduction loss and drive loss.Driving voltage is high more, and drive loss is big more and conduction loss is more little.Under certain load and input voltage condition, there is optimal drive voltage corresponding to maximal efficiency.For different loads and converter input voltage, the peak efficiencies under a series of the most optimized parameters can change.MEPT method of the present invention can be searched for a series of optimal parameters, so that the efficient maximum.For the multiparameter optimization, maximizing efficiency can sequentially carry out.For example, if regulate Dead Time value, driving voltage value and intermediate bus voltage value so that the efficient maximum in system, then optimization bus voltage value at first is driving voltage value then, is the Dead Time value after again.After these three parameters are all regulated, or at certain time intervals, described method begins to carry out above order once more.Should be understood that also and can regulate these parameters by other sequential system.Just, can regulate driving voltage value or Dead Time earlier, then other two parameters of sequential adjustment.Also can use other advanced multidimensional searching method so that maximizing efficiency.
In the example that is described below, use MEPT method of the present invention, the signal voltage that is used to drive main limit switch or secondary-side switch or drives both simultaneously, quilt is optimization advantageously, with the optimization converter efficiency.Put on usually driving voltage, stored charge is accumulated in the gate-to-drain and gate-to-source electric capacity of FET inside as the grid of the FET of main limit in the converter and secondary-side switch.Repeat to cause power attenuation, thereby and lower efficiency this stored charge discharge.Simultaneously, the voltage level that puts on the FET grid can influence the conductive characteristic (Rds of FET
On), this also can cause power attenuation.These two kinds of effects are to work with opposite direction, and higher gate voltage causes low Rds
On, but also cause higher gate charge and higher drive loss.
Because these two kinds of effects have opposite gradient, as following described with reference to Fig. 7, when using MEPT method of the present invention to carry out optimization, there is optimum value in driving voltage so that the net power loss in switching FET minimizes.Isolated DC-DC converter 700 shown in Fig. 7, its topology are similar to topology shown in Fig. 2.Each identical element identifies with identical reference number in the DC-to-DC converter 200 of Fig. 2 and the DC-to-DC converter 700, and its difference will mainly be discussed.
In converter 700, variable voltage source 702 has the output of (respectively) voltage and is connected to (respectively) voltage input of driving circuit 207, and has the output that controller 206 was exported and was connected in control.Variable voltage source 702 provides (respectively) voltage to driving circuit 207 under the control of controller 206, this driving circuit 207 switches to main limit switch S under the control of controller 206
1And S
2, secondary-side switch S
aAnd S
b, or each grid of main limit switch and secondary-side switch.
Described MEPT method exemplarily realizes in controller 206 once more, and the voltage that provided by voltage source 702 of optimization, promptly puts on main limit and secondary-side switch S by driving circuit 207
1, S
2, S
aAnd S
bThe grid of (exemplarily being FETs) is to switch them.Fig. 8 is the program flow diagram of this exemplary MEPT method.This process flow diagram process flow diagram with Fig. 6 basically is identical, and its key distinction is that controlled parameter is the voltage (V that is provided by voltage source 702
Cc), promptly be used to drive main limit and secondary-side switch S
1, S
2, S
aAnd S
bThe driving voltage of grid.(because V
CcBe controlled parameter, the step 606 in Fig. 6 process flow diagram and 608 no longer needs.)
Fig. 9 shows and uses the isolated forward formula converter topologies of MEPT method of the present invention with the driving voltage of optimization input and/or outgoing side switch.Converter 900 comprises power conversion circuit 902, and it has input side 904 and passes through transformer T
1The outgoing side 906 that connects.Transformer T
1One side of main limit winding 908 is connected to voltage source V
InPositive side, the capacitor C of input side 904
pA side also be connected to voltage source V
InPositive side.The switch S of input side 904
pBe connected transformer T
1Between the opposite side of main limit winding 908 and the ground end.Outgoing side 906 comprises switch S
aAnd S
b, inductor L and output capacitance C
oSwitch S
aBe connected to transformer T with the contact of inductor L
1A side of secondary winding 910.The opposite side of secondary winding 910 is connected to the outgoing side switch S
bA side.Output capacitance C
oBe connected second side and the outgoing side switch S of inductor L
aAnd S
bContact between.Converter 900 further comprises variable voltage source 912, and (respectively) voltage output that this variable voltage source 912 has is connected to (respectively) voltage input of driving circuit 914, and the control input that driving circuit 914 has is connected to the output of the controller 916 that is comprised.Variable voltage source 912 provides (respectively) voltage to driving circuit 914 under the control of controller 916, this driving circuit 914 switches to main limit switch S under the control of controller 916
p, secondary-side switch S
aAnd S
bEach grid of perhaps main limit switch and secondary-side switch, controller 916 use MEPT method of the present invention to make the driving voltage optimization, and this driving voltage offers main limit switch S in the mode identical with the mode of above-mentioned controller 206 with reference to Fig. 7 and 8
pAnd/or secondary-side switch S
aAnd S
bGrid.
Should be understood that MEPT method of the present invention can be used for an above parameter of control transformation device.For example, described method can be used for controlling simultaneously as top with reference to (respectively) Dead Time that Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 discussed and as the top main limit of being discussed with reference to Fig. 7-9 and (respectively) driving voltage of secondary-side switch.
Description of the invention in fact only is exemplary, and the various variations that therefore do not depart from main idea of the present invention all within the scope of the invention.These change also without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. method of controlling electric power converter with optimized efficiency comprises:
A. after changing at least one controlled parameter, determine the change direction of the efficient of described converter;
B. the change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described controlled parameter;
C. when the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described controlled parameter is identical, change described controlled parameter with positive dirction, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described controlled parameter, change described controlled parameter with negative direction.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter is between the disconnection of the corresponding secondary-side switch of the connection of at least one main limit switch of described converter and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of described main limit switch and described corresponding secondary-side switch; Describedly change described controlled parameter with positive dirction and comprise that the switching signal of regulating in described main limit switch and the described secondary-side switch at least one is to increase described Dead Time; Describedly change described controlled parameter with negative direction and comprise that the switching signal of regulating in described main limit switch and the described secondary-side switch at least one is to reduce described Dead Time.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter comprises: between the disconnection of corresponding each switch of secondary of the connection of each switch of the main limit of described converter and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary; Describedly change described controlled parameter with positive dirction and comprise that the switching of regulating described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch is to increase described Dead Time; Describedly change described controlled parameter with negative direction and comprise that the switching of regulating described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch is to reduce described Dead Time.
4. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter comprises at least one the driving voltage in input side switch and the outgoing side switch; Describedly change described controlled parameter with positive dirction and comprise and increase described driving voltage; Describedly change described controlled parameter with negative direction and comprise and reduce described driving voltage.
5. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter comprises each driving voltage of input side switch and outgoing side switch; Change described controlled parameter with positive dirction and comprise described each driving voltage of increase; Changing described controlled parameter with negative direction comprises and reduces described each driving voltage.
6. according to the method for claim 1, wherein said controlled parameter comprises a plurality of controlled parameters, described a plurality of controlled parameter is included between the disconnection of corresponding each switch of secondary of the connection of each switch of main limit of described converter and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary and each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch.
7. according to the method for claim 6, wherein said converter is a cascaded inverters; Described a plurality of controlled parameter also comprises intermediate bus voltage.
8. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that described electric power converter is the cascade electric power converter; Described controlled parameter comprises intermediate bus voltage.
9. method of controlling DC-to-DC converter with optimized efficiency comprises:
A. when between the disconnection that changes at corresponding each switch of secondary of the connection of each switch of the main limit of described converter and described converter and behind the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary, determine the change direction of the efficient of described converter;
B. the change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described Dead Time;
C. when the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time is identical, increase described Dead Time, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time, reduce described Dead Time;
D. behind the driving voltage of at least one in changing described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch, determine the change direction of the efficient of described converter;
E. the change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described driving voltage;
F. when the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage is identical, increase described driving voltage, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage, reduce described driving voltage.
10. according to the method for claim 9, wherein said driving voltage comprises each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch.
11. an electric power converter comprises:
A. power conversion circuit;
B. be connected to the controller of described power conversion circuit, after changing at least one controlled parameter, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described controlled parameter; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described controlled parameter is identical, change described controlled parameter with positive dirction, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described controlled parameter, change described controlled parameter with negative direction.
12. according to the electric power converter of claim 11, wherein said electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter is between the disconnection of the corresponding secondary-side switch of the connection of the main limit of described converter switch and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of described main limit switch and described corresponding secondary-side switch; The switching signal of described controller by regulating in described main limit switch and the described secondary-side switch at least one to be increasing described Dead Time, thereby change described controlled parameter with positive dirction; The switching signal of described controller by regulating in described main limit switch and the described secondary-side switch at least one to be reducing described Dead Time, thereby change described controlled parameter with negative direction.
13. according to the electric power converter of claim 11, wherein said electric power converter is the DC-to-DC converter with main limit and secondary-side switch; Described controlled parameter comprises at least one the driving voltage in described main limit switch and the described secondary-side switch; Thereby described controller changes described controlled parameter by increasing described driving voltage with positive dirction, thereby and changes described controlled parameter by reducing described driving voltage with negative direction.
14. according to the electric power converter of claim 11, wherein said electric power converter is the DC-to-DC converter with main limit and secondary-side switch; Described controlled parameter comprises each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch; Thereby described controller changes described controlled parameter by increasing described each driving voltage with positive dirction, thereby and changes described controlled parameter by reducing described each driving voltage with negative direction.
15. according to the electric power converter of claim 11, wherein said electric power converter is a DC-to-DC converter; Described controlled parameter comprises a plurality of controlled parameters, described a plurality of controlled parameter comprises: between the disconnection of corresponding each switch of secondary of the connection of each switch of the main limit of described converter and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary and each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch.
16. according to the electric power converter of claim 11, wherein said electric power converter is a cascaded inverters; Described controlled parameter comprises a plurality of controlled parameters, described a plurality of controlled parameter comprises: between the disconnection of corresponding each switch of secondary of the connection of each switch of the main limit of described converter and described converter and the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary, each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch and each intermediate bus voltage.
17. a DC-to-DC converter comprises:
A. have the main limit of a plurality of main limits switch and secondary with a plurality of secondary-side switch; With
B. be connected to the controller of described main limit and described secondary, when changing between the disconnection of the connection of each switch of described main limit and corresponding each switch of secondary and after the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described each switch of secondary, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described Dead Time; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time is identical, increases described Dead Time, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time, reduce described Dead Time.
18. a DC-to-DC converter comprises:
A. the input side and outgoing side that have at least one input side switch with at least one outgoing side switch; With
B. be connected to the controller of described input side and described outgoing side, after the driving voltage of at least one in changing described input side switch and described outgoing side switch, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described driving voltage; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage is identical, increases described driving voltage, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage, reduce described driving voltage.
19. a DC-to-DC converter comprises:
A. the input side and outgoing side that have at least one input side switch with at least one outgoing side switch; With
B. be connected to the controller of described input side and described outgoing side, after each driving voltage that changes described input side switch and described outgoing side switch, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described each driving voltage; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described each driving voltage is identical, increase described each driving voltage, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described each driving voltage, reduce described each driving voltage.
20. a DC-to-DC converter comprises:
A. the switch of the switch of input side and outgoing side; With
B. be connected to the controller of described input side and described outgoing side, after each driving voltage that changes described input side switch and described outgoing side switch, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described each driving voltage; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described each driving voltage is identical, increase described each driving voltage, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described each driving voltage, reduce described each driving voltage.
21. a DC-to-DC converter comprises:
A. main limit switch and secondary-side switch;
B. be connected to the controller of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch;
C. when changing between the disconnection of the connection of each switch of described main limit and corresponding each switch of secondary and after the Dead Time between the connection of the disconnection of each switch of described main limit and described corresponding each switch of secondary, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described Dead Time; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time is identical, each switching signal of regulating described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch is to increase described Dead Time, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described Dead Time, regulate described each switching signal to reduce described Dead Time; With
D. after the driving voltage of at least one in changing described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch, described controller is determined the change direction of the efficient of described converter; The change direction of the efficient of described converter is compared with the change direction of described driving voltage; When the change direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage is identical, increases described driving voltage, and when the changing in the opposite direction of the change direction of the efficient of described converter and described driving voltage, reduce described driving voltage.
22. converter according to claim 20, wherein said driving voltage comprise each driving voltage of described main limit switch and described secondary-side switch.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US58198604P | 2004-06-21 | 2004-06-21 | |
| US60/581,986 | 2004-06-21 | ||
| US11/003,013 | 2004-12-02 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101176049A true CN101176049A (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2005800103473A Pending CN101176049A (en) | 2004-06-21 | 2005-01-07 | Dynamic optimization of efficiency using dead time and fet drive control |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503294A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-01-08 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Switching delay controller for a switched mode power supply |
| CN110011559A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-12 | 科勒公司 | Isolated inverter |
| CN111725998A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳卓运半导体有限公司 | Dead time optimization control device and method |
| CN113922658A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Drive signal processing device and motor system |
-
2005
- 2005-01-07 CN CNA2005800103473A patent/CN101176049A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103503294A (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-01-08 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Switching delay controller for a switched mode power supply |
| CN103503294B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2016-08-17 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | Switching delay controller for switched-mode power supply |
| CN110011559A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-12 | 科勒公司 | Isolated inverter |
| US11264918B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2022-03-01 | Kohler Co. | Isolated inverters |
| US11923787B2 (en) | 2017-12-14 | 2024-03-05 | Kohler Co. | Isolated inverters |
| CN111725998A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳卓运半导体有限公司 | Dead time optimization control device and method |
| CN113922658A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Drive signal processing device and motor system |
| CN113922658B (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-10-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Driving signal processing device and motor system |
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