CN101106835A - Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker - Google Patents
Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN101106835A CN101106835A CNA2007100495061A CN200710049506A CN101106835A CN 101106835 A CN101106835 A CN 101106835A CN A2007100495061 A CNA2007100495061 A CN A2007100495061A CN 200710049506 A CN200710049506 A CN 200710049506A CN 101106835 A CN101106835 A CN 101106835A
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Abstract
An array-type ultrasonic transducer belongs to electric technology field, more particularly relates to the technical field of transducer. The array-type ultrasonic transducer is formed by arraying a plurality of ultrasonic transducer units (4) on a large fixed board (3). The adopted small transducer units (4) have the same structure and size and each is composed of three parts: an upper pressing element (21), a lower pressing element (20) and irradiating material (19). The upper pressing element (21) and the lower pressing element (20) fix the irradiating material (19) and are used as positive and negative electrodes of the irradiating material. The adopted irradiating material at least includes three layers: an ultrasonic material as the middle layer and two conductive metal layers as the upper and the lower layers. The array numbers in inventive array-type acoustic frequency orientated ultrasonic transducer can be changed according to parameters such as orientation and sound pressure. The array-type acoustic transducer has the advantages of strong power, high orientation, high sound pressure, low distortion, good stability, simple structure, low cost, and easy production.
Description
Technical field
Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker belongs to electronic technology field, particularly the loud speaker field.Specifically, the present invention relates to directly produce the compression ultrasonic wave, and produce new compression sound wave by the hyperacoustic reciprocation of two row, described two row compression frequency of ultrasonic differences are corresponding to the new acoustic compression wave frequency that produces.
Background technology
Traditional loud speaker is based on a kind of linear shape model, and promptly the sound wave of the absorption energy of air dielectric and generation is linear.Loud speaker is the sound wave that do not have directive property of radiation frequency in the sonic frequency segment limit in air directly.
Current society grows with each passing day to the demand of loud speaker with high directivity, and traditional loud speaker is difficult to realize high directivity.Because a hyperacoustic key character is exactly to have high directive property when propagating in air, so ultrasonic technology can be applied in this on the one hand.But hyperacoustic band limits has surpassed the receivable audiorange of people's ear.Therefore, audible sound (in the frequency 20KHz) can be modulated on the ultrasonic wave,, audible sound be sent in the mode of boundling by hyperacoustic high directivity.In the process that transmits, this Modulated Ultrasonic ripple and air interact, and are called " from demodulation ", the audible sound demodulation is come out, this process has realized the effect that audible sound transmits in the mode of boundling, and ultrasonic wave is because its frequency height, and dyingout falls gradually in air.
Existing audio directional loudspeaker is difficult to make the audio directional loudspeaker of high-power, high sound radiation pressure, high directivity, high electroacoustic efficiency owing to its manufacturing cost height and complex process.
For realize high directivity, preferably from demodulation result, long Distance Transmission, high sound pressure output, high-power output equivalent fruit, acoustic frequency directional ultrasonic wave Loudspeaker of the present invention is different from the monolithic construction that existing audio directional loudspeaker adopts, but with several independently transmitter unit adopt a kind of mode array combination of particular design to form.Generally, the quantity of array element is many more, and its propagable distance is long more, and the acoustic pressure of output is also big more.And the situation of sound distortion is also less, and directive property is also good more.But,, just can obtain big acoustic pressure output and high directivity so need a lot of array elements because hyperacoustic wavelength ratio sound source is much smaller.
Summary of the invention
Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker provided by the invention is compared traditional loud speaker, can produce the sound of high directivity, can the quantity and the arrangement mode of array element be set according to the distance of the distance of transmission and the size of output acoustic pressure.When the array number is increased to certain number, even will be after amplifier amplifies without the audio signal of signal processing, directly be added on the array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker, through producing sound equally after the loud speaker radiation output with high directivity.
Detailed technology scheme of the present invention is:
Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker comprises: several loudspeaker array unit and fixed heads.
The above array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker is characterized in that, the uniform stationary arrangement in loudspeaker array unit is connected in serial or parallel with each other together by the lead on the fixed head between the unit on bearing.
Described fixed head is characterized in that, fixed head can be a metallic plate, non-metal board.
Described fixed head can be square planar thin plate, circular flat plate, elliptic plane plate, parabolic type curved slab, hemisphere or ball crown type curved slab, cylindrical surface plate.
Described array element is characterized in that, is made up of last casting die, vibration radiation material and piece under pressure three parts.
Described array element, its shape can be circular, square, oval or any regular polygon.
The shape of described radiative material can be the plane, cylindrical radial face, waveform arcwall face, spherical crown surface or be hemisphere face.
Described radiative material can be electrostriction material or magnetostrictive material.
Described electrostriction material can be a piezoelectric; Described piezoelectric can be piezoelectric crystal, piezoelectric ceramic, PZT or PVDF piezoelectric membrane.
In the such scheme, said fixed head is the strutting piece of whole device, and all array elements are installed on the fixed head, and the signal of telecommunication directly is added on the fixed head, by the circuit in the fixed head signal of telecommunication is transferred on each array element.Described array element, casting die is fixedlyed connected with the upper and lower surface of radiative material respectively with piece under pressure on it, by the clamping of last piece under pressure radiative material is fixed, and the shape of radiative material is guaranteed by the shape on casting die surface.Simultaneously, last piece under pressure is added to the signal of telecommunication on the radiative material as two positive and negative electrodes, makes it to produce vibration, and the signal of telecommunication is converted into mechanical oscillation, outwards radiate supersonic wave.Ultrasonic wave produces the audio signal of low frequency through airborne non-linear interaction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one of execution mode of array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode two;
Fig. 3 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode three;
Fig. 4 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode four;
Fig. 5 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode five;
A kind of structural representation of the fixed head that is adopted among Fig. 6 the present invention;
Fig. 7 is one of execution mode of the array element among the present invention;
Fig. 8 be the array element among the present invention execution mode two;
Fig. 9 be the array element among the present invention execution mode three;
Figure 10 be the array element among the present invention execution mode four;
Figure 11 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode six;
Figure 12 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode seven;
Figure 13 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode eight;
Figure 14 be array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker of the present invention execution mode nine;
Figure 15 be the array element among the present invention execution mode five;
Figure 16 be the array element among the present invention execution mode six;
Figure 17 be the array element among the present invention execution mode seven.
Embodiment
In embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 11, square fixed head 1 is the strutting piece of this device, array element 2 is ultrasonic speaker unit independently one by one, square array unit 2 is arranged on the square fixed head 1 uniformly, the structure size of each square array unit 2 is identical, parameter unanimities such as resonance frequency.Square array unit 2 can adopt the mode of welding or adopt the gluing method that connects to be fixed on the square fixed head 1.The internal structure of fixed head 1 has detailed description at following Fig. 6.
In embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 22, the similar of its structure and embodiment 1, what fixed head 3 still adopted is square structure, its internal structure is identical with fixed head 1 among Fig. 1.The planform of array element 4 is different from the square structure of the array element 2 among the embodiment 1, employing be circular configuration.
In embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 33, the similar among its structure and the embodiment 2, different is that what fixed head 5 adopted is the planar rondure structure.
In embodiments of the invention shown in Figure 44, the planar structure of the fixed head among fixed head 7 and the embodiment 1,2,3 is different, and what fixed head 7 adopted is spherical structure.Shown in Fig. 4 b, the height H of fixed head 7 spheres is less than or equal to its radius R.Array element 6 is evenly distributed on the inner surface of fixed head 7, and the normal direction of all array elements is pointed to the centre of sphere of fixed head 7 spheres.The array element 6 that is adopted can be square array unit or circular array unit.
Figure 5 shows that embodiments of the invention 5, as shown in Fig. 5 a, what fixed head 8 adopted is the face of cylinder, and its internal structure as shown in Figure 6.All array elements 9 are fixedly mounted on the inner surface of fixed head 8 uniformly, and the normal of all array elements 9 is vertical mutually with the axis of fixed head 8.The arc height H of fixed head 8 shown in following Fig. 5 b, is less than or equal to the radius on the face of cylinder.Array element 9 shown in the figure can adopt rectangular cells or circular cell.
Figure 6 shows that a kind of cut-away view of fixed head, it is made up of three parts, the conductive metal layer 11 and the lower surface insulating barrier 12 of the insulating barrier 10 of upper surface, centre.Conductive metal layer is laid between upper surface insulating barrier 10 and the lower surface insulating barrier.Conductive metal layer 11 is made up of two-way metal wire side by side, and metal wire 11a is anodal, and 11b represents negative pole.On metal level, be furnished with many jacks uniformly, the positive pole of array element inserts in the jack of metal wire 11a, negative pole insert with metal wire 11a negative pole metal wire 11b side by side in side by side the jack, and array element is fixed on the fixed head by welding or gluing mode.Voltage is added on the conductive layer, and conductive metal wire 11 is connected in parallel all array elements.
Figure 7 shows that a kind of embodiment of square array unit among the present invention, shown in following Fig. 7 a, array element has three parts to be formed, last casting die 15, piece under pressure 13 and middle ultrasonic wave radiative material 14.13 pairs of radiative materials 14 of last casting die 15 and piece under pressure play the effect of fixing protection, and as the positive and negative electrode of array element, the arcuate structure of radiative material 14 is guaranteed by the arcuate structure of last casting die 15 and piece under pressure 13 simultaneously.Shown in the following Fig. 7 b of described vibration radiation material, R represents the arc radius of radiative material 14, and H represents the height of arc.A, B are design parameter.λ is that frequency is the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave correspondence of array element resonance frequency.The resonance frequency of array element mainly determines resonance frequency and the arc radius relation of being inversely proportional to by the radius of arc.The height H of arc mainly influences directive property and acoustic pressure output, and the scope of arc height H is between λ/2～λ.
Figure 8 shows that a kind of embodiment of circular array unit among the present invention, shown in following Fig. 8 a, it is made up of three parts, last casting die 17, piece under pressure 18 and vibration radiation material 16 are formed, and wherein vibration radiation material 16 is a kind of piezoelectric film material, and described piezoelectric film material can be piezoceramics film material or piezoelectric polymer thin-film material, mechanical response that radiative material 16 is had relatively high expectations and electroresponse sensitivity, its impedance require to mate with the air impedance phase as much as possible.Radiative material 16 is shaped as hemisphere face.Shown in following Fig. 8 b, R represents the radius of sphere, and H represents the height of sphere, and λ is hyperacoustic wavelength that frequency equals the array element resonance frequency, and A and B are design parameter.Last casting die 17 and piece under pressure 18 be except playing effect fixing and protection to radiative material 16, simultaneously also as the positive and negative electrode of radiative material 16.The resonance frequency of spherical radius R decision array element, the resonance frequency of itself and array element is inversely proportional to.Height H is smaller to the influence of operating frequency and bandwidth, and is bigger to the influence of directive property and acoustic pressure, and height H should be less than or equal to spherical radius.
Figure 9 shows that the another kind of embodiment of circular array unit among the present invention, be that with the embodiment difference shown in Fig. 8 vibration radiation material 19 is the structure on plane, the spherical structure of the vibration radiation material 16 shown in difference and Fig. 8.
Figure 10 shows that the another kind of embodiment of square array unit among the present invention, structural similarity with the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, all be by last casting die, piece under pressure and radiative material three parts are formed, different is that radiative material 21 is planar structure, and the vibration radiation material of the embodiment among Fig. 7 is a sphere shape structure.
Figure 11 shows the structure diagram of a kind of bar shaped array loud speaker embodiment of the present invention's design.As can be seen, comprise three parts altogether, positive electrode fixed head 24, bar shaped array radiating element 25 and negative electrode fixed head 26 from the figure.Fixed head 24 and 26 except that play support and fixing effect, also as the positive and negative electrode of loud speaker.Bar shaped array radiating element 25 is evenly distributed on the loud speaker, and the size of radiating curtain 25 is consistent with resonance frequency.Its concrete structure is illustrated in fig. 15 shown below.
Figure 12 shows the structure diagram of a kind of annular array type ultrasonic speaker embodiment of the present invention's design.Part and Figure 11 of its structure are similar, all are by positive electrode fixed head 27, and annular array radiating element 28 and negative electrode fixed head 29 3 parts are formed.Different is that loud speaker shown in Figure 12 is circular, and the array radiating element that is adopted is that the circular ring type structure is different from long strip type structure shown in Figure 11.The structure of annular array radiating element 28 is identical with the structure of bar shaped array radiating element 25 among Figure 11, will carry out concrete description in Figure 15.
Figure 13 shows the structure diagram of a kind of fan-shaped array-type ultrasonic loud speaker embodiment of the present invention.The part of its structure is similar to Figure 11 and structure shown in Figure 12.Being divided into is three parts, positive electrode fixed head 31 and fan-shaped array radiating element 32 and dome-type negative electrode fixed head 33.The height H of hemisphere negative electrode fixed head 33 is less than or equal to the radius R of sphere.The normal direction of fan-shaped array radiating element 32 is pointed to the centre of sphere of fixed head 33.The similar of the concrete structure of fan-shaped array radiating element 32 and annular array radiating element 28 and bar shaped radiating curtain unit 25.To in the description of Figure 15, introduce in detail.
Figure 14 is the structure diagram of a kind of body length bar shaped array-type ultrasonic loud speaker embodiment of the present invention.As can be seen, its structure comprises three parts altogether, positive electrode fixed head 33 and bar shaped array radiating element 34 and cylinder camber negative electrode fixed head 35 from the figure.The angle of the arc of fixed head 35 is less than 180 degree.The normal plane of array radiating element 34 is crossed the axis of cylinder.
Figure 15 is a kind of structure chart of array element, and shown in Figure 15 a, the middle ultrasonic wave radiative material that is adopted 37 is the PVDF piezoelectric membrane, and its upper and lower surface is silver coated respectively, and thickness is about 10 μ m.Positive electrode fixed head 36 is connected with the upper and lower surface of PVDF piezoelectric membrane respectively by conducting resinl or two-sided conductive tape mutually with negative electrode fixed head 38.On the PVDF piezoelectric membrane, apply an electric field, the signal of telecommunication is converted into mechanical oscillation, thereby in air, launches ultrasonic wave.Shown in Figure 15 b, a cavity is arranged between PVDF piezoelectric membrane 37 and negative electrode fixed head 38, in the process of PVDF piezoelectric membrane vibration, the air in the cavity can or expand along with piezoelectricity ripple vibration of membrane compression.The height of cavity and frequency are that hyperacoustic wavelength X of resonance frequency of array element is relevant, and A is a scale factor, be one greater than 0 less than 1/2 number.Because the PVDF piezoelectric film can be to positive and negative both direction while radiate supersonic wave in the process of vibration, be radiated the back side ultrasonic wave since on the reflection meeting of negative electrode fixed head and the positive direction ultrasonic wave of radiation superpose, ultrasonic wave sound radiation pressure after the stack may be strengthened or obtain to be cut down, this depend on and two row ultrasonic waves between phase difference.The phase place of two train waves is got over convergence and homophase, and the hyperacoustic sound radiation pressure after the stack can become strong more.On the contrary, if the phase place of two train waves differs greatly, the hyperacoustic acoustic pressure after the stack can decay on the contrary.H2 shown in the figure is the height of arc, and B is a design parameter, and its value satisfies greater than 1/4 less than 1/2.The influence of the directive property of 2 pairs of loud speakers of height H of arc is bigger, and is less to the bandwidth and the resonance frequency influence of loud speaker.The radius R of the arc of radiative material PVDF piezoelectric membrane 37 is determining the size of resonance frequency f, and the size of itself and resonance frequency f is inversely proportional to.It is consistent that the design parameter of the array element among the figure can adopt, or adopts different design parameters.All within the protection range of patent of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the another kind of structure chart of array element among the present invention, all identical with structure employed in figure 15, material, the shape of different is radiative material PVDF piezoelectric membrane 39 among Figure 16 is complete protruding arcuate structures, and the PVDF piezoelectric membrane shown in Figure 15 be a recessed arcuate structure entirely.
Figure 17 is the another kind of structure chart of array element among the present invention, identical with Figure 15 with structure and material employed in figure 16, unique different be among Figure 17 the PVDF piezoelectric membrane neither full arcs of recesses structure neither full convex structure employed in figure 16 among Figure 15, but concavo-convex arc similar wavy shaped configuration spaced apart.Or a certain specific compound mode that the convex-concave arcuate structure is taked arranges, all in the scope that the present invention protected.
Claims (10)
1. array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer comprises:
Prop up seat board and several array elements composition, it is characterized in that array element is arranged on the seat board uniformly, the number of array element changes according to hyperacoustic acoustic pressure, the isoparametric requirement of directive property.
Described array element is characterized in that, by last casting die, radiative material and piece under pressure three parts are formed.Last casting die is connected with two surfaces up and down of radiative material respectively as positive and negative electrode mutually with piece under pressure.
Described seat board is the supporting bracket that has the conducting wire of a multilayer, in have the electrode of lead and array element to link to each other.
2. array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the number of described array element is between two to several ten thousand.
3. array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, its effective work area is between several square centimeters to tens square metres, and the external shape of transducer can be square, circular, oval calotte shape, hemisphere curved surface, cylinder curved surface.
4. array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the external shape of described array element can be circular, square, taper or be hemisphere.
5. array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the resonance frequency of described array element is between 20K ~ 500Khz.
6. according to claim 1 and 4 described array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducers, it is characterized in that the radiative material of described array element can be piezoelectric ceramic, PZT, PVDF piezoelectric membrane or magnetostrictive material.
7. according to the radiative material of claim 1 and 6 described array elements, it is characterized in that its shape can be flat shape, circular shape, hemispherical, spherical crown shape or circular arc waveform.
8. according to the arc height of the radiative material of claim 1 and 7 described array elements, it is characterized in that, greater than the pairing hyperacoustic wavelength of the resonance frequency of 1/4 array element, less than its half-wavelength.
9. according to the minimum point of the arc radiative material of claim 1 and 7 described array elements and the chamber that shakes between the fixed head, it is characterized in that its height is less than the pairing hyperacoustic half-wavelength of the resonance frequency of array element.
10. according to the array element of the described array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic transducer of claim 1, it is characterized in that the array element that is adopted can or adopt different unit for unit of the same race.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2007100495061A CN101106835A (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker |
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| CNA2007100495061A CN101106835A (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2007-07-12 | Array type sound frequency directional ultrasonic speaker |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8737663B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2014-05-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Acoustic energy transducer |
| CN104756515A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-07-01 | 京瓷株式会社 | Sound emitter and electronic apparatus employing same |
| CN105611456A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Self-compensation structure for realizing circumferential non-directivity of acoustic transducer array |
| CN105979437A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-09-28 | 微鲸科技有限公司 | Audio play device and audio system |
| CN108381304A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 天津大学 | A kind of focus ultrasonic fluid oscillation polishing method based on spherical shell PZT (piezoelectric transducer) |
| CN109151661A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 音王电声股份有限公司 | A kind of forming method of ring screen loudspeaker array and virtual sound source |
| CN110031831A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of small-sized three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter having ultrasonic wave and infrared emission function |
| WO2019186321A1 (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2019-10-03 | RAMCHANDRAN, Shankar Trichur | Wave shaping and scattering unit for an ultrasonic transducer |
| CN110830893A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-21 | 成都泰声科技有限公司 | Transparent screen directional ultrasonic loudspeaker |
| CN111530722A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-14 | 民航成都电子技术有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic transducer, directional sound wave bird repelling system and method |
| CN112073884A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 西北工业大学 | PVDF-based clamping type transmitting transducer |
| CN112705449A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-04-27 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic transducer |
-
2007
- 2007-07-12 CN CNA2007100495061A patent/CN101106835A/en active Pending
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8737663B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2014-05-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Acoustic energy transducer |
| CN102301746B (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2015-12-02 | 惠普开发有限公司 | Acoustic transducer |
| CN104756515A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-07-01 | 京瓷株式会社 | Sound emitter and electronic apparatus employing same |
| CN105611456B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2018-11-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | For realizing the non-direction self-compensating structure of acoustic transducer array circumference |
| CN105611456A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三研究所 | Self-compensation structure for realizing circumferential non-directivity of acoustic transducer array |
| CN105979437A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-09-28 | 微鲸科技有限公司 | Audio play device and audio system |
| CN108381304A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-10 | 天津大学 | A kind of focus ultrasonic fluid oscillation polishing method based on spherical shell PZT (piezoelectric transducer) |
| WO2019186321A1 (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2019-10-03 | RAMCHANDRAN, Shankar Trichur | Wave shaping and scattering unit for an ultrasonic transducer |
| CN109151661A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-04 | 音王电声股份有限公司 | A kind of forming method of ring screen loudspeaker array and virtual sound source |
| CN110031831A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of small-sized three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter having ultrasonic wave and infrared emission function |
| CN110031831B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2022-11-18 | 吉林大学 | Small three-dimensional ultrasonic transmitter with ultrasonic and infrared transmitting functions |
| CN110830893A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-02-21 | 成都泰声科技有限公司 | Transparent screen directional ultrasonic loudspeaker |
| CN111530722A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-08-14 | 民航成都电子技术有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic transducer, directional sound wave bird repelling system and method |
| CN112073884A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-11 | 西北工业大学 | PVDF-based clamping type transmitting transducer |
| CN112705449A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-04-27 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic transducer |
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Open date: 20080116 |