CN100452744C - Physical layer data transmitting method and receiving method and physical layer chip - Google Patents
Physical layer data transmitting method and receiving method and physical layer chip Download PDFInfo
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- CN100452744C CN100452744C CNB2007100631634A CN200710063163A CN100452744C CN 100452744 C CN100452744 C CN 100452744C CN B2007100631634 A CNB2007100631634 A CN B2007100631634A CN 200710063163 A CN200710063163 A CN 200710063163A CN 100452744 C CN100452744 C CN 100452744C
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Abstract
The method includes steps: physical coding sub layer (PCSL) carries out code scrambling for data received from medium not related interface, and carrying out 4B3T encoding operation for scrambled data; transmitting encoded symbol sequence in three stage to sub layer connected to physical medium; the sub layer connected to physical medium converts symbol sequence in three stage received PCSL to pulse amplitude modulation signal (PAMS) in tree stage; through medium related interface and interface in use for interacting twisted-pair. The PAMS in tree stage is sent to twisted-pair for transmission. The invention also discloses method for receiving data in physical layer, and a physical chip. Through phone line, the invention realizes Ethernet connection. Advantages are: high bandwidth, reliability, and easy of maintenance of Ethernet, lowered installation cost, complexity, raised decoding and error detecting capability, and suitable to crosstalk under large number of pair of cables.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to broadband access technology, particularly the method for reseptance of the sending method of physical layer data, physical layer data and physical chip belong to communication technical field.
Background technology
The access way of broadband access technology mainly comprises ADSL access way and Ethernet access way.
The ADSL access way can satisfy broadband user's elementary online demand under limited condition, as web page browsing, Email transmitting-receiving and VOIP etc., speed is lower, cost is higher, user side equipment is installed defectives such as complexity but it exists.
Traditional Ethernet access way is the data access rate that the user provides 10 or 100 mbps in four line modes, though have advantages such as high bandwidth, high reliability, easy care, extensive use, but owing to can only mainly adopt in the sub-district or the corridor place sets up switch, and newly draw a netting twine in user family, directly to be connected with the Ethernet that the Ethernet interface of network interface card or gateway carries out standard, therefore its inferior position mainly is the wiring aspect: cloth netting twine cost is higher again, at last on average probably need be near 70 to 100 yuans to each user; Newly draw a netting twine, this means when registering one's residence need be to the wall or the door and window perforation in user house, troublesome poeration and influence attractive in appearancely, and certain customers may be difficult to accept.
Though Cisco system provides a kind of Ethernet cut-in method that utilizes the telephone wire transmission in addition, but its scheme is uploaded Ethernet protocol (Ethernet over VDSL) technology based on VDSL, adopt modulation system transmission data, similar with the ADSL technology, need modulator-demodulator be set in the telephone line both sides, therefore also have defectives such as cost is higher, fitting operation complexity.
Along with the continuous release of broadband services, especially such as Web TV (IPTV), the rise of video traffics such as game on line needs higher bandwidth, more manageable network configuration and low cost solution more.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming the defective of above-mentioned prior art, the sending method of physical layer data, the method for reseptance and the physical chip of physical layer data are provided, can realize that Ethernet inserts by telephone wire, in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, reduce installation cost and complexity, and can improve decoding error detecing capability and antijamming capability, be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of sending method of physical layer data, comprise: at Physical Coding Sublayer (Physical Coding Sublayer, be called for short PCS) to from Media Independent Interface (Media Independent Interface, abbreviation MII) data that receive are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out 4B3T coding (being about to 4 dual codes are transformed into 3 three-unit codes according to preset rules coded system), send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to the continuous sublayer of physical medium (PhysicalMedium Attachment Sublayer is called for short PMA); To be converted to tertiary vein from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that Physical Coding Sublayer receives in the continuous sublayer of physical medium towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation (Pulse AmplitudeModulation-3, be called for short PAM-3) signal, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface (Media Dependent Interface, be called for short MDI) and be used for the interface mutual (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder.
Technique scheme provides physical layer at the Ethernet access device to sending to the handling process of the data on the twisted-pair feeder, in technique scheme, by carry out the 4B3T coding at Physical Coding Sublayer, per four Bit datas that will send are transformed to three three grades of symbols, thereby reduced baud rate, and since cable to the decay of high-frequency signal much larger than decay to low frequency signal, therefore by reducing the decay that baud rate has significantly reduced signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly, 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; Carry out tertiary vein towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation (PAM-3) by the symbol that after the continuous sublayer of physical medium is to the 4B3T coding, obtains, being converted to tertiary vein sends to twisted-pair feeder behind the amplitude-modulated signal and transmits, because the PAM-3 modulator approach can strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; Therefore, can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts and the transmission of Ethernet data is handled by technique scheme, in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, can reduce installation cost and complexity.
Preferably, in order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit and can specifically comprise with twisted-pair feeder: will via Media Dependent Interface and be used for twisted-pair feeder carry out that mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) sends as described in after tertiary vein superposes towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal, send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit.
Preferably, described tertiary vein is sent to towards amplitude-modulated signal before twisted-pair feeder transmits described, comprise that also communicating pair sets up the process of communication link, communicating pair is set up dominating and subordinate relation of communication link by the auto-negotiation process in setting up the process of liaison, sets local physical chip and takes pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor; Described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder when transmitting with twisted-pair feeder, if local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use local clock to send the clock of described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, recovered clock and send the clock of described tertiary vein the signal that the opposite end sends from the communication link that is received then towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip.
In addition, the reference clock of the Media Independent Interface support of standard is 25MHZ or 2.5MHZ, the corresponding 100Mbps of difference and two kinds of transmission rates of 10Mbps, technique scheme is applicable to the data that go up transmission 10Mbps under the reference clock of 2.5MHZ with the PAM-3 signal at twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire), can support 500 meters transmission range, and the anti-ability of crosstalking is strong under the situation of big logarithm cable.In order to support more flexile transmission rate, also can comprise in the technique scheme: according to default transmission rate, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface at local physical chip.In other words, can be implemented in the data of defeated multiple speed of phone line or assigned rate by at the reference clock that changes Media Independent Interface (MII).
For realizing goal of the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of method of reseptance of physical layer data, comprise: link to each other the sublayer via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out tertiary vein that mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) receives from twisted-pair feeder behind amplitude-modulated signal at physical medium, described tertiary vein is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal obtain sending to Physical Coding Sublayer behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings with twisted-pair feeder; After Physical Coding Sublayer carries out described three grades of symbol sebolic addressings 4B3T decoding and obtains four corresponding bits, described four bits are carried out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
Technique scheme provides in the physical layer of the Ethernet access device handling process to the data that receive from twisted-pair feeder, in technique scheme, by the sublayer that links to each other at physical medium the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal, and carry out 4B3T decoding and decoded data are carried out descrambling at Physical Coding Sublayer, thereby can realize reception processing to the PAM-3 signal that on twisted-pair feeder, transmits, therefore can realize that Ethernet inserts and the reception of Ethernet data is handled by telephone wire, thereby in the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, can reduce installation cost and complexity in the time of advantages such as easy care.
Preferably, in order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, receive tertiary vein at described Media Dependent Interface from twisted-pair feeder and also can comprise before amplitude-modulated signal: the tertiary vein that uses band pass filter to separate to receive from twisted-pair feeder is towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
Preferably, at the described tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder before the amplitude-modulated signal, comprise that also communicating pair sets up the process of communication link, communicating pair is set up dominating and subordinate relation of communication link by the auto-negotiation process in setting up the process of liaison, sets local physical chip and takes pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor; If local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use the tranmitting data register of local clock as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, then receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder, recovered clock and as the tranmitting data register of local physical chip the signal that the opposite end sends from the communication link that is received described.
In order to support more flexile transmission rate, also can comprise in the technique scheme: according to default transmission rate, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface at local physical chip.In other words, can be implemented in the data of defeated multiple speed of phone line or assigned rate by at the reference clock that changes Media Independent Interface (MII).
For realizing goal of the invention, the present invention also provides a kind of physical chip, comprise: the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding to be obtained sending the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium to behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings, and after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carry out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface; The physical medium sub-layer processes module that links to each other, be connected with the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, be used for and will be converted to tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module receives, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder; And, described tertiary vein is converted to three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and sends to the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder with twisted-pair feeder; The auto-negotiation module, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with physical medium and Physical Coding Sublayer processing module are connected, and are used to realize the auto-negotiation function between the communication link two ends; The carrier sense module, mutual via Media Dependent Interface and physical medium, be used to realize carrier sense and link detecting function; Clock generator, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with described physical medium is connected, and is used to generate reference clock; Management control module, mutual with Media Independent Interface, be used to handle management data mutual between physical layer and the data link layer.
In technique scheme, by carry out the 4B3T coding in the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, per four Bit datas that will send are transformed to three three grades of symbols, thereby reduced baud rate, and since cable to the decay of high-frequency signal much larger than decay to low frequency signal, therefore by reducing the decay that baud rate has significantly reduced signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly, 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; Carry out tertiary vein towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation (PAM-3) by the symbol that after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium is to the 4B3T coding, obtains, being converted to tertiary vein sends to twisted-pair feeder behind the amplitude-modulated signal and transmits, because the PAM-3 modulator approach can strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; Simultaneously, by the sub-layer processes module that links to each other at physical medium the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal, and carry out 4B3T decoding and decoded data are carried out descrambling, thereby can realize the reception of the PAM-3 signal that transmits on twisted-pair feeder is handled in the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module; Simultaneously, by being provided for and the mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) of twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire), thereby can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts; Therefore, can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts and the transmitting-receiving of Ethernet data is handled by technique scheme, in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, can reduce installation cost and complexity.
Preferably, described Physical Coding Sublayer processing module can specifically comprise: encoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding, send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to physical medium continuous sub-layer processes module; Decoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carrying out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
Preferably, for the transmission of the two-way simultaneous of data between the transmitting-receiving two-end of realizing communication link, technique scheme also can comprise mixing/separator, is used for carrying out mutual interface with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described, is used to realize the full duplex transmission of data.
In order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, technique scheme also can comprise: superimposer, be used for carrying out mutual interface with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described, the tertiary vein that is used to superpose sends twisted-pair feeder to behind amplitude-modulated signal and the voice signal and transmits; Band pass filter is used for carrying out mutual interface with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described, is used to separate the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
In sum, the present invention is by carrying out the 4B3T coding/decoding at Physical Coding Sublayer, carry out tertiary vein towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation/rectification in the continuous sublayer of physical medium, by reducing the decay that baud rate has significantly reduced signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly, 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; Because the PAM-3 modulator approach can strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; Therefore, the present invention can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts, and can reduce installation cost and complexity in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the sending method of physical layer data of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the part schematic flow sheet of step 101 among the embodiment of the sending method of physical layer data of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is corresponding to multinomial g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register;
Fig. 4 is corresponding to polynomial f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of scrambler and sign map operation among the embodiment of the sending method of physical layer data of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the method for reseptance of physical layer data of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is another schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the method for reseptance of physical layer data of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of physical chip of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is directed to that the ADSL access way exists speed lower in the prior art, cost is higher, user side equipment is installed defectives such as complexity, and traditional Ethernet access way exists cloth netting twine cost higher, troublesome poeration and influence defectives such as attractive in appearance, a kind of inventive concept is provided, promptly be transformed to three three grades of symbols by per four Bit datas that in the physical layer process flow process of Ethernet, adopt the 4B3T coded system to send, thereby reduced baud rate, and since cable to the decay of high-frequency signal much larger than decay to low frequency signal, therefore significantly reduce the decay of signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder by reducing baud rate, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly; 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; And by in the physical layer process flow process of Ethernet, adopting the PAM-3 modulation system to strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; Therefore, can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts, and can reduce installation cost and complexity in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care by above-mentioned 4B3T coded system and the PAM-3 modulation system of in the physical layer process flow process of Ethernet, adopting.
Below ethernet technology is briefly introduced, so that understand basic design of the present invention.
The control technology of Carrier Sense Multiple Access/collision detection (CSMA/CD) that Ethernet adopts has mainly defined the physical layer in the seven layer protocol frameworks of OSI(Open Systems Interconnection) reference model and the working method of data link layer.Data link layer and physical layer realize the function of oneself separately, are indifferent to the other side each other and how operate, and have the interface of standard to come Data transmission and control between the two.Ethernet transceiver (as Ethernet card etc.) comprises the physical layer and the data link layer of osi model too, physical layer has defined data and has transmitted and the needed electricity of reception and light signal, line status, clock reference, digital coding and circuit etc., and provides standard interface to data link layer device; Data link layer then provides structure, data error inspection, the transmission of addressing mechanism, Frame to control, provide to network layer the functions such as data-interface of standard.The process chip of data link layer generally abbreviates mac controller as in the Ethernet card, and the process chip of physical layer generally abbreviates the PHY chip as.The chip of many network interface cards accomplished the function of MAC and PHY in one chips, such as the Intel82559 network interface card with 3COM 3C905 network interface card, but the mechanism of MAC and PHY still is individualism, just outward appearance takes the form of a single-chip.Also there are the MAC chip and the PHY chip of a lot of network interface cards separately to do, such as DFE-530TX of D-LINK etc.
Ethernet data link layer comprises MAC (medium access control) sublayer and LLC (logic link control) sublayer, MAC chip in the Ethernet card not only will be realized the function of media access control sublayer and LLC sublayer, and the exchanges data of the PCI interface of compliant with realization and main frame also will be provided.One termination computer PCI bus of ethernet mac chip, an other end is just received on the PHY chip.
The physical layer of Ethernet comprises MII/GMII (Media Independent Interface) sublayer, PCS (physical code) sublayer, PMA (physical medium links to each other) sublayer, MDI (Media Dependent Interface) sublayer.And the PHY chip is a critical function device of realizing the function of all sublayers of physical layer.The PHY chip has been realized and the data exchanging function of MAC chip and external network and the partial function of CSMA/CD.Whether it can detect has data transmitting on the network, if there are data just to wait in transmission, in case detect the network free time, will send data to go out after waiting for a random time again.Will cause conflict if two network interface cards have been sent data simultaneously, at this moment the collision detection mechanism of PHY chip can detect conflict in two network interface cards, waits for respectively that then a time at random resends data.This random time is not a constant, and the random time that calculates in the different moment all is different, and conflict with the second time that has polyalgorithm to deal with between very low same two main frames of probability of occurrence.
The existing Ethernet technology can only be the data access rate that the user provides 10 or 100 mbps in the mode of four lines, mainly adopt in the sub-district or the corridor place sets up switch, be linked in the user family by netting twine again, directly be connected with the Ethernet interface of the network interface card of main frame or the gateway Ethernet that carries out standard in the user family.Therefore need to lay netting twine, caused higher wiring cost, and netting twine need be to the wall or the door and window perforation in user house when registering one's residence, troublesome poeration and influence attractive in appearance.Speed is lower, user side equipment is installed the defective that bothers and the ADSL technology of using telephone wire to insert then exists.
Owing to consider that one family may need the situation of two phones, when operator carries out telephone wiring in the sub-district exploitation, general disposable two telephone wires (every telephone wire is a twisted-pair feeder) of having laid, and in fact most users only use a telephone wire, and another telephone wire is in idle state.Adopt basic design of the present invention; then can utilize idle telephone wire to realize that Ethernet inserts; and need not lay netting twine again; thereby in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, can reduce installation cost and complexity; simultaneously also make full use of and protected the existing investment of operator; can be used in telecom operators and extensively carry out wideband switch-in business, have extensive applicability.Further, even there is not idle telephone wire in the user family, the execution mode of voice signal and ethernet signal conllinear also is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention, thereby can utilize telephone wire while transmission of speech signals and ethernet signal in the user family, realize telephony feature and Ethernet access function.
Based on foregoing invention design, the invention provides a kind of sending method of physical layer data, a kind of physical layer data method of reseptance and a kind of based on above-mentioned physical layer data sending method and the physical chip (PHY chip) of the method for reseptance of physical layer data.
Schematic flow sheet referring to the embodiment of the sending method of physical layer data of the present invention shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps: step 101 is for carrying out scrambler at Physical Coding Sublayer to the data that receive from Media Independent Interface, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding, send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to physical medium continuous sublayer; Step 102 will be converted to tertiary vein from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that Physical Coding Sublayer receives towards amplitude-modulated signal for the sublayer that links to each other at physical medium, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder.
Preferably, part schematic flow sheet referring to step 101 shown in Figure 2, the data that described in the step 101 Media Independent Interface received are carried out scrambler and can specifically be comprised: in step 101a, use linear feedback shift register to generate 33 bits of pseudo random sequence, wherein, when local physical chip was taken pattern as the leading factor, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 12 of the value displacements in the last moment; When local physical chip was the subordinate pattern, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 19 of the value displacements in the last moment; In step 101b, according to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits to described pseudo random sequence carry out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for scrambler; In step 101c, use decoder and described four bits that are used for scrambler that per four bits that will send are carried out scrambler.
Particularly, among the step 101a, the sending function of Physical Coding Sublayer PCS uses the by-pass flow scrambler, and it is the very long pseudo random sequence of one-period, can show by generator polynomial on mathematics.Local physical chip can be configured to dominate (Master) pattern or subordinate (Slave) pattern, when local physical chip is operated under the MASTER pattern, uses following multinomial g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33Generate pseudo random sequence; Otherwise, use following polynomial f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33Generate pseudo random sequence.The cycle of the pseudo random sequence that is generated is 2
33-1.Fig. 3 is for passing through corresponding to multinomial g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register, Fig. 4 is for by corresponding to polynomial f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register, the bit Scr of time n correspondence in the shift register wherein
n[32:0] expression.At each symbol period, the shift register bit that advances generates a new bit Scr
n[0].When PCS resets, represent these 33 bits of by-pass flow scrambler state to be provided with at random, but can not be initialized as complete zero.
Among the step 101b, 33 bit Scr that need obtain from shift register
n[32:0] obtains being used for four bit Sc of scrambler
n[3:0].PCS sends coding rule based on 4 bit Sy
n[3:0] generates four bit Sc that are used for scrambler
n[3:0], thus remove data TXD
nThe correlation of [3:0], and generate free time and training symbol.By using Scr
n[0] and formula h (x)=x
3^x
8, bit Sy
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Sy
n[0]＝Scr
n[0]
Sy
n[1]＝g(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[3]∧Scr
n[8]
Sy
n[2]＝g
2(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[6]∧Scr
n[16]
Sy
n[3]＝g
3(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[9]∧Scr
n[14]∧Scr
n[19]∧Scr
n[24]
Here Λ represents XOR (XOR) logical operation.
And then, scrambler bit Sc
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Wherein:
1, n
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time and resetting;
2, tx_mode=SEND_Z represents that this moment, the PCS sublayer can only send null sequence;
Wherein the tx_mode parameter can be got following three kinds of values:
SEND_N: indication PCS can carry out normal data and send;
SEND_I: indication PCS can only send the code character sequence under the idle pulley;
SEND_Z: indication PCS can only send null sequence;
3, (n-n
0)=0 (mod 2) is n-n wherein
0Expression is with respect to sending the time deviation size that the by-pass flow scrambler resets, n last time
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time resets, n represents current time index;
Among the step 101c, as shown in Figure 5, the PCS sending function is used for four bit Sc of scrambler
n[3:0] four bit TXD to sending
n[3:0] does scrambler, obtains scrambler bit Sd
n[3:0].Corresponding computing formula is as follows:
Wherein:
1, tx_enable represents tx_enable=1 to be set, otherwise tx_enable=0 is set when the PCS sublayer has data to send; The implication of subscript n-2 is n-2 moment;
2, loc_recv_status represents whether the reception link of local PHY is reliable; Parameter l oc_recv_status has transmitted the information of whole receiving link status quality, can get following two kinds of forms:
Loc_recv_status=OK: the reception link of indicating local PHY is reliable;
Loc_recv_status ≠ OK: indicate the reception link of local PHY unreliable;
3, TXD
nThe data that the needs that expression n receives from the MII interface constantly send are one 4 Bit datas, and TXD
nThe vector that [1:0] expression is made up of wherein bit 0 and bit 1.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, describedly data behind the scrambler are carried out 4B3T coding can specifically comprise: according to predefined sign map table, four the bits switch that each scrambler is obtained is three grades of corresponding symbol sebolic addressings.Particularly, bit words Sd
n[3:0] need be mapped to three grades of symbolic vector sequence A [2:0], can copy the coding corresponding relation of the 4B/5B of 100BASE-TX to preestablish the sign map table.In table 1, provided an example of described default sign map table below; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; it can be selected and default described sign map table flexibly according to the practical application scene, and all should be within technical solution of the present invention scope required for protection.
Table 1 sign map table sample table
| Three grades of symbol sebolic addressing A[2:0] 210 | Title | Bit words Sd n[3:0] 3 2 1 0 | Explain |
| 1 1 0 | 0 | 0 0 0 0 | Data 0 |
| 1 0 1 | 1 | 0 0 0 1 | Data 1 |
| -1 1 1 | 2 | 0 0 1 0 | Data 2 |
| -1 -1 0 | 3 | 0 0 1 1 | Data 3 |
| -1 1 0 | 4 | 0 1 0 0 | Data 4 |
| 1 -1 0 | 5 | 0 1 0 1 | Data 5 |
| 1 -1 1 | 6 | 0 1 1 0 | Data 6 |
| -1 0 -1 | 7 | 0 1 1 1 | Data 7 |
| 0 1 1 | 8 | 1 0 0 0 | Data 8 |
| 0 -1 -1 | 9 | 1 0 0 1 | Data 9 |
| 1 0 -1 | A | 1 0 1 0 | Data A |
| -1 0 1 | B | 1 0 1 1 | Data B |
| -1 1 1 | C | 1 1 0 0 | Data C |
| 0 -1 1 | D | 1 1 0 1 | Data D |
| 0 1 -1 | E | 1 1 1 0 | Data E |
| 1 1 -1 | F | 1 1 1 1 | Data F |
| 1 1 1 | J | 0 1 0 1 | Initial symbol (SSD) first is used with K |
| -1 -1 -1 | K | 0 1 0 1 | Initial symbol (SSD) second portion is used with J |
| 1 -1 1 | T | Undefined | End mark (ESD) first is used with R |
| -1 1 -1 | R | Undefined | End mark (ESD) second portion is used with T |
| 0 1 0 | H | Undefined | Error of transmission is as propagate errors |
| 0 0 0 | V | Undefined | Invalid code |
| 0 0 -1 | V | Undefined | Invalid code |
| 0 -1 0 | V | Undefined | Invalid code |
| 1 0 0 | V | Undefined | Invalid code |
| -1 0 0 | V | Undefined | |
| 0 0 1 | V | Undefined | Invalid code |
Wherein preceding 16 block list registrations are according to code character, and its sequence is arbitrarily, and is unrestricted, and they are not still explained by PCS by the PCS coding and decoding.Be correctly decoded data code groups and rely on the initial symbol of correct identification.
The control code character is to use in pairs, is used for different messages at interval, and it is sent by PCS and explains.Wherein initial symbol (SSD) be used for the data of description transfer sequence the border and differentiate the carrier wave incident.SSD is made up of sequence/J/K/, and PCS uses it to set up the code character border.During transmission, first 8 bit of each frame preamble sign indicating number is replaced by SSD; Opposite when accepting, SSD is replaced by first 8 bit of lead code; End mark (ESD) is used for finishing normal transfer of data, and only on the basis of the initial symbol of correct identification, just correctly end of identification accords with.End mark has sequence/T/R/ to form.
When receiving the TX_ER signal, PCS will send code character/H/, and to opposite end indication error of transmission (TransmitError), repeater uses it to propagate the reception mistake usually; Last any invalid code character (comprise/H/) conflict or mistake have taken place in representative, and what PCS received to the MII indication by the RX_ER signal is invalid code character.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain after described will the coding send the continuous sublayer of physical medium to and specifically comprise: the symbol that obtains after each symbol period is with a coding sends the continuous sublayer of physical medium to successively.
Preferably, local physical chip can be configured to dominate (Master) pattern or subordinate (Slave) pattern, described tertiary vein is sent to towards amplitude-modulated signal before twisted-pair feeder transmits described, comprise that also communicating pair sets up the process of communication link, communicating pair can be set up the leading and subordinate relation of communication link by the auto-negotiation process in setting up the process of liaison, sets local physical chip and takes pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor; Described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder when transmitting with twisted-pair feeder, if local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use local clock to send the clock of described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, recovered clock and send the clock of described tertiary vein from the signal that the communication link opposite end that received sends then towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip.
In order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit and can specifically comprise with twisted-pair feeder: the described tertiary vein that will send via Media Dependent Interface sends to twisted-pair feeder and transmits after superposeing towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
In addition, the reference clock of the Media Independent Interface support of standard is 25MHZ or 2.5MHZ, the corresponding 100Mbps of difference and two kinds of transmission rates of 10Mbps, technique scheme is applicable to the data that go up transmission 10Mbps under the reference clock of 2.5MHZ with the PAM-3 signal at twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire), can support 500 meters transmission range, and the anti-ability of crosstalking is strong under the situation of big logarithm cable.In order to support more flexile transmission rate, also can comprise in the technique scheme: when local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor,, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface according to default transmission rate.In other words, can be implemented in the data of defeated multiple speed of phone line or assigned rate by at the reference clock that changes Media Independent Interface (MII).
In the present embodiment, by carry out the 4B3T coding at Physical Coding Sublayer, per four Bit datas that will send are transformed to three three grades of symbols, thereby reduced baud rate, and since cable to the decay of high-frequency signal much larger than decay to low frequency signal, therefore by reducing the decay that baud rate has significantly reduced signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly, 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; Carry out tertiary vein towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation (PAM-3) by the symbol that after the continuous sublayer of physical medium is to the 4B3T coding, obtains, being converted to tertiary vein sends to twisted-pair feeder behind the amplitude-modulated signal and transmits, because the PAM-3 modulator approach can strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; And by being provided for and the mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) of twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire), thereby can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts; Therefore present embodiment can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts and the transmission of Ethernet data is handled, and can reduce installation cost and complexity in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care.
Schematic flow sheet referring to the embodiment of the method for reseptance of physical layer data of the present invention shown in Figure 5, may further comprise the steps: step 201 for the sublayer that links to each other at physical medium via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out tertiary vein that mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) receives from twisted-pair feeder behind amplitude-modulated signal with twisted-pair feeder, described tertiary vein is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal obtain sending to Physical Coding Sublayer behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings; Step 202 is carried out descrambling for after described three grades of symbol sebolic addressings being carried out 4B3T decoding at Physical Coding Sublayer and obtaining four bits of correspondence to described four bits, sends the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
Preferably, described in the step 202 described three grades of symbol sebolic addressings being carried out the 4B3T decoding obtains four corresponding bits and can specifically comprise: according to predefined sign map table, obtain four bits of described three grades of symbol sebolic addressing correspondences.Described predefined sign map table can be as shown in table 1; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; it can be selected and default described sign map table flexibly according to the practical application scene, and all should be within technical solution of the present invention scope required for protection.
Preferably, described in the step 202 described four bits being carried out descrambling can specifically comprise: use linear feedback shift register to generate 33 bits of pseudo random sequence, wherein, when local physical chip was taken pattern as the leading factor, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 19 of the value displacements in the last moment; When local physical chip was the subordinate pattern, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 12 of the value displacements in the last moment; According to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits to described pseudo random sequence carry out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for descrambling; Use described four bits that are used for descrambling that four bits that will send are carried out descrambling.Fig. 3 is for passing through corresponding to multinomial g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register, Fig. 4 is for by corresponding to polynomial f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33The schematic diagram of linear feedback shift register, the bit Scrn[32:0 of time n correspondence in the shift register wherein] expression.At each symbol period, the shift register bit that advances generates a new bit Scrn[0].When PCS resets, represent these 33 bits of by-pass flow scrambler state to be provided with at random, but can not be initialized as complete zero.
Preferably, described according to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits of described pseudo random sequence are carried out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for descrambling can specifically be comprised: 33 bit Scr that obtain according to shift register
n[32:0] and formula h (x)=x
3^x
8, calculate four bit Sc that are used for descrambling according to following formula
n[3:0]:
St
n[0]＝Scr
n[0]
Sy
n[1]＝g(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[3]∧Scr
n[8]
Sy
n[2]＝g
2(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[6]∧Scr
n[16]
Sy
n[3]＝g
3(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[9]∧Scr
n[14]∧Scr
n[19]∧Scr
n[24]
Wherein:
1, n
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time and resetting;
2, tx_mode=SEND_Z represents that this moment, the PCS sublayer can only send null sequence;
Wherein the tx_mode parameter can be got following three kinds of values:
SEND_N: indication PCS can carry out normal data and send;
SEND_I: indication PCS can only send the code character sequence under the idle pulley;
SEND_Z: indication PCS can only send null sequence;
3, (n-n
0)=0 (mod 2) is n-n wherein
0Expression is with respect to sending the time deviation size that the by-pass flow scrambler resets, n last time
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time resets, n represents current time index;
Described use descrambler and described four bits that are used for descrambling carry out descrambling to four bits that will send and can specifically comprise: four bit Sc that are used for descrambling
n[3:0] is according to per four the bit TXDs of following computing formula to sending
n[3:0] carries out descrambling, obtains descrambling bit Sd
n[3:0]:
Wherein:
1, tx_enable represents tx_enable=1 to be set, otherwise tx_enable=0 is set when the PCS sublayer has data to send; The implication of subscript n-2 is n-2 moment;
2, loc_recv_status represents whether the reception link of local PHY is reliable; Parameter l oc_recv_status has transmitted the information of whole receiving link status quality, can get following two kinds of forms:
Loc_recv_status=OK: the reception link of indicating local PHY is reliable;
Loc_recv_status ≠ OK: indicate the reception link of local PHY unreliable;
3, TXD
nThe data that the needs that expression n receives from the MII interface constantly send are one 4 Bit datas, and TXD
nThe vector that [1:0] expression is made up of wherein bit 0 and bit 1.
Preferably, local physical chip can be configured to dominate (Master) pattern or subordinate (Slave) pattern, at the described tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder before the amplitude-modulated signal, comprise that also communicating pair sets up the process of communication link, communicating pair is set up dominating and subordinate relation of communication link by the auto-negotiation process in setting up the process of liaison, sets local physical chip and takes pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor; If local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use the tranmitting data register of local clock as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, then receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder, recovered clock and as the tranmitting data register of local physical chip the signal that the opposite end sends from the communication link that is received described.
In order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, as shown in Figure 6, before step 201, also can comprise step 200, the tertiary vein that promptly uses band pass filter to separate to receive from twisted-pair feeder is towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
In order to support more flexile transmission rate, also can comprise among the embodiment of the method for reseptance of the invention described above physical layer data: according to default transmission rate, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface in local physical layer.In other words, can be implemented in the data of defeated multiple speed of phone line or assigned rate by at the reference clock that changes Media Independent Interface (MII).
The embodiment of the method for reseptance of the invention described above physical layer data provides in the physical layer of the Ethernet access device handling process to the data that receive from twisted-pair feeder, in technique scheme, by the sublayer that links to each other at physical medium the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal, and carry out 4B3T decoding and decoded data are carried out descrambling at Physical Coding Sublayer, thereby can realize reception processing to the PAM-3 signal that on twisted-pair feeder, transmits, and by being provided for and the mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) of twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire), thereby can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts; Therefore can realize that Ethernet inserts and the reception of Ethernet data is handled by telephone wire, thereby in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, can reduce installation cost and complexity.
The embodiment of physical chip of the present invention (PHY chip) comprising: the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding to be obtained sending the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium to behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings, and after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carry out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface; The physical medium sub-layer processes module that links to each other, be connected with the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, be used for and will be converted to tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module receives, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder; And, described tertiary vein is converted to three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and sends to the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder with twisted-pair feeder; The auto-negotiation module, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with physical medium and Physical Coding Sublayer processing module are connected, and are used to realize the auto-negotiation function between the communication link two ends; The carrier sense module, mutual via Media Dependent Interface and physical medium, be used to realize carrier sense and link detecting function; Clock generator, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with described physical medium is connected, and is used to generate reference clock; Management control module, mutual with Media Independent Interface, be used to handle management data mutual between physical layer and the data link layer.
Preferably, the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module can specifically comprise: encoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding, send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to physical medium continuous sub-layer processes module; Decoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carrying out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
Fig. 8 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of physical chip of the present invention (PHY chip), Physical Coding Sublayer processing module specific implementation is a PCS circuit based on 4B3T coding/decoding mode, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding to be obtained sending the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium to behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings, and after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carry out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface; The continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium comprises two digital-to-analogue/analog to digital converters that are respectively applied for the employing PAM-3 coding that signal sends and signal receives, be connected with PCS circuit and Media Dependent Interface respectively based on 4B3T coding/decoding mode, be used for and be converted to tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that the PCS circuit receives, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface be used for carrying out mutual interface (not shown) and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder, and, described tertiary vein is converted to three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and sends to the PCS circuit towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface be used for carrying out mutual interface (not shown) and receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder with twisted-pair feeder.The link to each other analog-digital-analog converter and the PCS circuit of sub-layer processes module of auto-negotiation module and physical medium is connected, and is used to realize the auto-negotiation function between the communication link two ends.Carrier sense/link detecting module and Media Dependent Interface are mutual, are used to realize carrier sense and link detecting (CSMA/CD) function.The external crystal oscillator of clock generator, and the analog-digital-analog converter of the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with physical medium is connected, and is used to generate reference clock.Management control module and Media Independent Interface are mutual, are used to handle management data mutual between physical layer and the data link layer.
The embodiment of the invention described above physical chip is by carrying out the 4B3T coding in the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, per four Bit datas that will send are transformed to three three grades of symbols, thereby reduced baud rate, and since cable to the decay of high-frequency signal much larger than decay to low frequency signal, therefore by reducing the decay that baud rate has significantly reduced signal transmission course in twisted-pair feeder, thereby increased the transmission range in twisted-pair feeder greatly, 4B3T coding method simultaneously also provides and enough has been used to the coding redundancy of control character and error of transmission symbol of encoding, thereby has improved the decoding error detecing capability; Carry out tertiary vein towards Modulation and Amplitude Modulation (PAM-3) by the symbol that after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium is to the 4B3T coding, obtains, being converted to tertiary vein sends to twisted-pair feeder behind the amplitude-modulated signal and transmits, because the PAM-3 modulator approach can strengthen antijamming capability, thereby can be applicable to the big logarithm cable condition of crosstalking; Simultaneously, by the sub-layer processes module that links to each other at physical medium the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal, and carry out 4B3T decoding and decoded data are carried out descrambling, thereby can realize the reception of the PAM-3 signal that transmits on twisted-pair feeder is handled in the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module; And by being provided for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface), thereby can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts with twisted-pair feeder (as telephone wire); Therefore, can utilize twisted-pair feeder (for example telephone wire) to realize that Ethernet inserts and the transmitting-receiving of Ethernet data is handled by technique scheme, in advantages such as the high bandwidth with Ethernet access way, high reliability, easy care, can reduce installation cost and complexity.
Preferably, two-way simultaneous transmission for data between the transmitting-receiving two-end of realizing communication link, also can comprise mixing/separator among the embodiment of physical chip of the present invention (PHY chip), with be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and twisted-pair feeder is connected with twisted-pair feeder, be used to realize the full duplex transmission of data.
Preferably, in order to save telephone wire, make the transmission of ethernet signal and speech signal conllinear, also can comprise among the embodiment of physical chip of the present invention (PHY chip): superimposer, with be used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) and twisted-pair feeder is connected with twisted-pair feeder, the tertiary vein that is used to superpose sends twisted-pair feeder to behind amplitude-modulated signal and the voice signal and transmits; Band pass filter and is used for carrying out mutual interface (as RJ-11 or RJ-45 interface) with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected, and is used to separate the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrating technical scheme of the present invention, but not the present invention is made restrictive sense.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-mentioned preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and this modification or be equal to the spirit and scope that replacement does not break away from technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1, a kind of sending method of physical layer data is characterized in that, comprising:
At Physical Coding Sublayer the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, the data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding, send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to physical medium continuous sublayer;
To be converted to tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that Physical Coding Sublayer receives in the physical medium sublayer that links to each other, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler specifically comprises:
Use linear feedback shift register to generate 33 bits of pseudo random sequence, wherein, when local physical chip was taken pattern as the leading factor, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 12 of the value displacements in the last moment; When local physical chip was the subordinate pattern, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 19 of the value displacements in the last moment;
According to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits to described pseudo random sequence carry out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for scrambler, and wherein Λ represents the XOR operation;
Use described four bits that are used for scrambler that per four bits that will send are carried out scrambler.
3, method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, and is described according to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits of described pseudo random sequence are carried out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for scrambler specifically to be comprised: 33 bit Scr that obtain according to shift register
n[32:0] and formula h (x)=x
3^x
8, bit Sy
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Sy
n[0]＝Scr
n[0]
Sy
n[1]＝g(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[3]^Scr
n[8]
Sy
n[2]＝g
2(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[6]^Scr
n[16]
Sy
n[3]＝g
3(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[9]^Scr
n[14]^Scr
n[19]^Scr
n[24]
Wherein Λ represents the XOR operation;
Scrambler bit Sc
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Wherein: n
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time and resetting; Tx_mode=SEND_Z represents that this moment, the PCS sublayer can only send null sequence; The tx_mode parameter can be got following three kinds of value: SEND_N, and indication PCS can carry out normal data and send; SEND_I, indication PCS can only send the code character sequence under the idle pulley; SEND_Z, indication PCS can only send null sequence; (n-n
0)=0 (mod 2), wherein n-n
0Expression is with respect to sending the time deviation size that the by-pass flow scrambler resets, n last time
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time resets, n represents current time index.
4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described four bits that are used for scrambler of described use carry out scrambler to per four bits that will send and specifically comprise: four bit Sc that are used for scrambler
n[3:0] is according to four the bit TXDs of following computing formula to sending
n[3:0] carries out scrambler, obtains scrambler bit Sd
n[3:0]:
Wherein: tx_enable represents tx_enable=1 to be set, otherwise tx_enable=0 is set when the PCS sublayer has data to send; The implication of subscript n-2 is n-2 moment; Loc_recv_status represents whether the reception link of local PHY is reliable; Parameter l oc_recv_status has transmitted the information of whole receiving link status quality, can get following two kinds of form: loc_recv_status=OK, and the reception link of indicating local PHY is reliable; Loc_recv_status ≠ OK indicates the reception link of local PHY unreliable; TXD
nThe data that the needs that expression n receives from the MII interface constantly send are one 4 Bit datas, and TXD
nThe vector that [1:0] expression is made up of wherein bit 0 and bit 1.
5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly data behind the scrambler are carried out 4B3T coding specifically comprises: according to predefined sign map table, four the bits switch that each scrambler is obtained is three grades of corresponding symbol sebolic addressings.
6, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain after described will the coding send the continuous sublayer of physical medium to and specifically comprise: the symbol that obtains sends the continuous sublayer of physical medium to successively after each symbol period is with a coding.
7, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described tertiary vein is sent to towards amplitude-modulated signal before twisted-pair feeder transmits described, set up the leading and subordinate relation of communication link, set local physical chip and take pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor by the auto-negotiation process;
Described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder when transmitting with twisted-pair feeder, if local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use local clock to send the clock of described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, recovered clock and send the clock of described tertiary vein the signal that the opposite end sends from the communication link that is received then towards amplitude-modulated signal as local physical chip.
8, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit specifically and comprise with twisted-pair feeder: will and be used for via Media Dependent Interface carrying out sending to twisted-pair feeder and transmitting after described tertiary vein that mutual interface sends superposes towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal with twisted-pair feeder.
9, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: according to default transmission rate, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface in local physical layer.
10, a kind of method of reseptance of physical layer data is characterized in that, comprising:
Link to each other the sublayer via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out tertiary vein that mutual interface receives from twisted-pair feeder behind amplitude-modulated signal at physical medium, described tertiary vein is carried out rectification towards amplitude-modulated signal obtain sending to Physical Coding Sublayer behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings with twisted-pair feeder;
After Physical Coding Sublayer carries out described three grades of symbol sebolic addressings 4B3T decoding and obtains four corresponding bits, described four bits are carried out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
11, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described three grades of symbol sebolic addressings is carried out 4B3T decoding obtain four corresponding bits and specifically comprise: according to predefined sign map table, obtain four bits of described three grades of symbol sebolic addressing correspondences.
12, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described four bits is carried out descrambling specifically comprise:
Use linear feedback shift register to generate 33 bits of pseudo random sequence, wherein, when local physical chip was taken pattern as the leading factor, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was f (x)=1+x
20+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 19 of the value displacements in the last moment; When local physical chip was the subordinate pattern, the generator polynomial of described linear feedback shift register correspondence was g (x)=1+x
13+ x
33, promptly next value constantly is be shifted a value sum after 32 of value and the value in the last moment after 12 of the value displacements in the last moment;
According to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits to described pseudo random sequence carry out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for descrambling, and wherein Λ represents the XOR operation;
Use descrambler and described four bits that are used for descrambling that four bits that will send are carried out descrambling.
13, method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, and is described according to formula h (x)=x
3^x
833 bits of described pseudo random sequence are carried out four bits that conversion process obtains being used for descrambling specifically to be comprised: 33 bit Scr that obtain according to shift register
n[32:0] and formula h (x)=x
3^x
8, bit Sy
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Sy
n[0]＝Scr
n[0]
Sy
n[1]＝g(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[3]^Scr
n[8]
Sy
n[2]＝g
2(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[6]^Scr
n[16]
Sy
n[3]＝g
3(Scr
n[0])＝Scr
n[9]^Scr
n[14]^Scr
n[19]^Scr
n[24]
Wherein Λ represents the XOR operation;
Scrambler bit Sc
n[3:0] can generate by following formula:
Wherein: n
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time and resetting; Tx_mode=SEND_Z represents that this moment, the PCS sublayer can only send null sequence; The tx_mode parameter can be got following three kinds of value: SEND_N, and indication PCS can carry out normal data and send; SEND_I, indication PCS can only send the code character sequence under the idle pulley; SEND_Z, indication PCS can only send null sequence; (n-n
0)=0 (mod 2), wherein n-n
0Expression is with respect to sending the time deviation size that the by-pass flow scrambler resets, n last time
0Represent the time index when sending the by-pass flow scrambler last time resets, n represents current time index.
14, method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described use descrambler and described four bits that are used for descrambling carry out descrambling to four bits that will send and specifically comprise: four bit Sc that are used for descrambling
n[3:0] is according to four the bit TXDs of following computing formula to sending
n[3:0] carries out descrambling, obtains descrambling bit Sd
n[3:0]:
Wherein: tx_enable represents tx_enable=1 to be set, otherwise tx_enable=0 is set when the PCS sublayer has data to send; The implication of subscript n-2 is n-2 moment; Loc_recv_status represents whether the reception link of local PHY is reliable; Parameter l oc_recv_status has transmitted the information of whole receiving link status quality, can get following two kinds of form: loc_recv_status=OK, and the reception link of indicating local PHY is reliable; Loc_recv_status ≠ OK indicates the reception link of local PHY unreliable; TXD
nThe data that the needs that expression n receives from the MII interface constantly send are one 4 Bit datas, and TXD
nThe vector that [1:0] expression is made up of wherein bit 0 and bit 1.
15, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that:
Also comprise that at the described tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder communicating pair sets up the process of communication link before the amplitude-modulated signal, communicating pair is set up dominating and subordinate relation of communication link by the auto-negotiation process in setting up the process of liaison, sets local physical chip and takes pattern or subordinate pattern as the leading factor;
If local physical chip is taken pattern as the leading factor, then use the tranmitting data register of local clock as local physical chip; If local physical chip is the subordinate pattern, then receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder, recovered clock and as the tranmitting data register of local physical chip the signal that the opposite end sends from the communication link that is received described.
16, method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, receive tertiary vein at described Media Dependent Interface from twisted-pair feeder and also comprised before amplitude-modulated signal: the tertiary vein that uses band pass filter to separate to receive from twisted-pair feeder is towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
17, method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, also comprises: according to default transmission rate, set in advance the reference clock of Media Independent Interface in local physical layer.
18, a kind of physical chip comprises: the carrier sense module, and mutual via Media Dependent Interface and physical medium, be used to realize carrier sense and link detecting function; Management control module, mutual with Media Independent Interface, be used to handle management data mutual between physical layer and the data link layer; The auto-negotiation module is used to realize the auto-negotiation function between the communication link two ends; Clock generator is used to generate reference clock; It is characterized in that, also comprise:
The Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, be connected with the auto-negotiation module, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding to be obtained sending the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium to behind three grades of symbol sebolic addressings, and after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carry out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface;
The physical medium sub-layer processes module that links to each other, be connected with Physical Coding Sublayer processing module, auto-negotiation module and clock maker, be used for and will be converted to tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal from three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module receives, with described tertiary vein towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and send to twisted-pair feeder and transmit with twisted-pair feeder; And, described tertiary vein is converted to three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and sends to the Physical Coding Sublayer processing module towards amplitude-modulated signal via Media Dependent Interface and be used for carrying out mutual interface and receive tertiary vein behind amplitude-modulated signal from twisted-pair feeder with twisted-pair feeder.
19, physical chip according to claim 18 is characterized in that, described Physical Coding Sublayer processing module specifically comprises:
Encoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for the data that receive from Media Independent Interface are carried out scrambler, the data behind the scrambler are carried out the 4B3T coding, send three grades of symbol sebolic addressings that obtain behind the coding to physical medium continuous sub-layer processes module;
Decoder, the sub-layer processes module that links to each other with Media Independent Interface and physical medium is connected, be used for after the continuous sub-layer processes module of physical medium receives three grades of symbol sebolic addressings and is converted to four corresponding bits, carrying out descrambling, send the data behind the descrambling to Media Independent Interface.
20, physical chip according to claim 18 is characterized in that, also comprises: mixing/separator, be used for carrying out mutual interface and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described with twisted-pair feeder, and be used to realize the full duplex transmission of data.
21, physical chip according to claim 18 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Superimposer is used for carrying out mutual interface with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described, and the tertiary vein that is used to superpose sends twisted-pair feeder to behind amplitude-modulated signal and the voice signal and transmits;
Band pass filter is used for carrying out mutual interface with twisted-pair feeder and twisted-pair feeder is connected with described, is used to separate the tertiary vein that receives from twisted-pair feeder towards amplitude-modulated signal and voice signal.
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| DE102019107002A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-02 | Nvidia Corporation | REDUCTION OF COUPLING AND PERFORMANCE NOISE AT A PAM-4 I / O INTERFACE |
| US10790997B2 (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2020-09-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Transmission of pulse power and data in a communications network |
| US11061456B2 (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-07-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Transmission of pulse power and data over a wire pair |
| CN110188389B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2023-01-03 | 上海芷锐电子科技有限公司 | Function verification system for artificial intelligent processor chip |
| CN110781116A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-11 | 广州健飞通信有限公司 | High speed point-to-point serial interface system |
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