CN100337740C - Crystal titanium dioxide light catalyst and synthesis thereof - Google Patents
Crystal titanium dioxide light catalyst and synthesis thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100337740C CN100337740C CNB2004100480857A CN200410048085A CN100337740C CN 100337740 C CN100337740 C CN 100337740C CN B2004100480857 A CNB2004100480857 A CN B2004100480857A CN 200410048085 A CN200410048085 A CN 200410048085A CN 100337740 C CN100337740 C CN 100337740C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a crystal titanium dioxide photocatalyst and a synthesis method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of diluting titanium tetrachloride or titanium sulfate, regulating pH to 7.0 to 9.0 by ammonia, filtering and washing the titanium tetrachloride or the titanium sulfate by water, adding proper oxidizing agents and inorganic acid to form titanium dioxide photocatalyst sol water solution under proper operating conditions. The photocatalyst of the present invention can be colorless to (golden) yellow sol liquid because of the operating conditions and the concentration, and the content of the photocatalyst is from 0.5 to 10%(determined by conditions).
Description
Technical field
Technology provides a kind of crystal type photocatalyst of titanium dioxide and synthetic method thereof under the present invention, particularly, the present invention relates to the colloidal sol aqueous solution of crystal type photocatalyst of titanium dioxide.This titanium dioxide (TiO
2) photocatalyst is applied to household electrical appliances/illumination/air cleaning/kitchen utensils/sanitary bath equipment/external wall of house/furniture cleaning/automobile inside and waste water/exhaust treatment system etc.More direct theory, the present invention are a kind of chemical treatment programs of utilizing, the TiO 2 sol aqueous solution of synthesis nano (Nano-meter scale), and its distribution of particles is in 2～50nm scope, and wherein content of titanium dioxide is 0.5～10wt%.
Background technology
Since the 1970's of Christian era, we can see a large amount of about making semi-conductive research with titanium dioxide on academic documents.Its content major part is to be its material with existing chemicals (particularly titanium dioxide powder particle), inquire into the research of its photochemical reaction and semiconductor reaction, wherein crystalline texture kenel and granular size can be obviously confirmed, the carrying out and the efficient of its reaction can be obviously influenced; According to document, with anatase or anatase/rutile structure, particle is good below 30nm.But in all papers, almost do not speak of the specification characteristic of the synthetic method and products thereof of photocatalyst of titanium dioxide.Nineteen ninety in Christian era rises, and photocatalyst of titanium dioxide receives greatly to pay attention in the application of clean environment, and enters the practical stage in 1997, but the also most exploitations that concentrate on application technology of its research, the research of very rare pass synthetic method.But in fact, synthetic method is for the treatment effect of photocatalyst, and influence is very big really.
According to document, how the synthetic method of photocatalyst of titanium dioxide makes finely particulate titanium dioxide based on chemical synthesis.Though it is to make (modal is to make to grind method with the P-25 that Degussa company produces) to grind method that the manufacturing of a lot of titanium dioxide is arranged, but its granular size inequality (10～500nm all has) of the TiO 2 particles of the method manufacturing and crystalline form do not conform to, only can be used as the usefulness of coating, cosmetics, opaquing fluid etc., can't effectively bring into play the effect of photocatalyst.Though some process of lapping is slightly revised, as import the ultrasonic polishing of ultrasonic concussion or add the chemical grinding method etc. of acid solution, can improve granular size and uniformity, but its effect is limited, kenel for crystalline texture does not then have obviously effect, so its effect is limited, and the range of application of its finished product is constant.
As for the chemical synthesis part, synthesize the master with liquid state again.Generate the photocatalyst of titanium dioxide epithelium though there is document to mention with gaseous chemical sedimentation (Chemical Vapor Deposition:CVD), its product is stable, purity is high and the photocatalyst effect is obvious, but cost of manufacture is expensive and only be suitable for specific products, so can't be applied to a large amount of productions.
Divide two kinds of organic solvent method and aqua-solution methods in the liquid synthetic method again, and be preferential with the aqua-solution method.Wherein, organic solvent method is exactly the alkoxide (Ti-oxyalkyl:Ti (OR) with titanium
4) in different solvents, through the way of different heating condition formation titanium dioxide (powder or epithelium), this partly comprises Japanese kokai publication hei 4-83537 communique, and alkyl dioxide is heated in ethylene glycol; Te Kaiping 7-10037 communique, alkyl dioxide heat in alcamines etc., can obtain titanium dioxide; But owing to costing an arm and a leg of alkyl dioxide, and operation must be carried out under high temperature, high pressure, so generally only be used for the chemical catalyst of manufacture, just uses the method, as for people's livelihood articles for use cost consideration, can't use this synthetic method.
Aqueous solution synthetic method how based on the Japan Patent or the Japanese prior art practice of delivering, comprises that the spy opens flat 7-171408 communique, heats behind the adding adhesive in titanium tetrachloride solution; Or the spy opens flat 6-293519 communique record, the direct colloidal sol that titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution is added thermosetting titanium dioxide in the condition of PH≤3.The disadvantage of this way causes the stability of colloidal sol bad for containing a large amount of chlorions in the sol solutions that forms, and is easy to decompose precipitation.Te Kaiping 9-71418 communique then adds hydrogen peroxide low-temp reaction under the condition of PH=6-8 in the hydroxide aqueous solution of titanium, or special open clear 62-252319 communique and in the hydroxide of titanium, adds hydrogen peroxide low-temp reaction for a long time under the condition of PH=2-6, the TiO 2 sol that is produced, though its particle has reached nanoscale (10nm scope), but because it is based on amorphous state, though can do the usefulness of surface treatment, the effect of photocatalyst is not good.In the Te Kaiping 7-28614 communique with pertitanic acid heating and specially permit in No. 285993 communiques the titanium hydroxide aqueous solution is added hydrogen peroxide at low temperatures, thermotonus again raises, formed TiO 2 sol, though tool photocatalyst effect, but owing to be subject to the hydrogen peroxide characteristic, its concentration is only limit below 2%, causes to use and goes up puzzlement.
No. the 135895th, TaiWan, China patent, patent content is adding thermal response formation anatase more than 70 ℃ for add organic acid in titanium tetrachloride aqueous solution after, its product no matter crystalline form and distribution of particles all conforms with the requirement of photocatalyst, but the chlorinity in the solution very high (more than 10 grams per liters), the finished product stability is main bottleneck place.The patent No. 349981, what its patent disclosed is that titanium tetrachloride is reacted in PH=2-6 with ammoniacal liquor, and sediment (titanium hydroxide or ortho-titanic acid) is filtered, cleans, add hydrogen peroxide down at low temperature (5～8 ℃), long-time low temperature stirs, and gained is that amorphous titanium dioxide and this case are irrelevant.Patent No. 393342 is that titanium sulfate is added thermosetting titanium dioxide, adds with simple substance acid (as nitric acid etc.) again, partly dissolves to reduce its particle diameter with the residual sulfate radical of flush away and with titanium dioxide, and this way is also irrelevant fully with this case.443992 of patent No.s provide the method that forms the titanium dioxide epithelium, but not form the method for colloidal sol.
In addition, European aspect French Patent (FRP) then is for No. 2551743 to form the alkaline earth titanate, is made for the usefulness of post processing, and subject matter is different with this case.
Summary of the invention
Figure 1 and Figure 2 the invention provides a kind of the colloidal sol aqueous solution and synthetic method thereof of crystal type photocatalyst of titanium dioxide, comprising:
(i) the dilution program 10: with compound dissolved dilution 100 in suitable acid solution of titanium;
(ii) and program 12: with the ammoniacal liquor (ammonium hydroxide aqueous solution) that mixes up concentration, add by the interpolation speed of setting in the dilution of titanium-containing compound, be adjusted to pH=5～9120;
(iii) ablution program 13: the ortho-titanic acid that precipitation is separated out filters clean 130;
(iV) Transformation Program 14: after the ortho-titanic acid of cleaning (titanium hydroxide) is mixed in pure water (deionized water), add selected oxidant or inorganic acid 140;
(V) the slaking program 15: will carry out slaking 150 according to temperature, the time set through the solution that transforms;
(Vi) colloidal sol 16 finished of slaking is finished product 160 through pH adjustment/filtration/packing.
The present invention is that a kind of shortcoming that often has at aqueous solution synthetic method (comprise product chloride ion content height, stability is not good, crystalline form does not conform to etc.) is improved, institute develops out and utilizes series of process to set, the flow process of the TiO 2 sol of synthesis nano tool photocatalyst function comprises dilution, neutralization, cleans, five big steps such as conversion and slaking.
In the dilution, original material package used in the present invention is drawn together titanium tetrachloride and titanium sulfate etc., above-mentioned titanium compound is dissolved in the acidic aqueous solution of PH≤0, is stirred to fully the homogeneous solution of clarification, in carrying out then and program.Wherein, the content of titanium compound is controlled at according to the finished product demand in 5～20% the scope, and operating temperature then is advisable to be lower than 30 ℃.Mixing speed is 30～600rpm.Neutralization procedure, adds in the titaniferous compound aqueous solution in stirring, until the scope of PH=5-9 according to setting interpolation speed then with 10～35% Dilute Ammonia Solution (ammoniacal liquor).Course of reaction will be done the temperature control of appropriateness, guarantees that temperature is lower than 20 ℃, and mixing speed then remains on 120-1200rpm.In and the time, titanium compound will become ortho-titanic acid or titanium hydroxide is separated out by water-soluble liquid state, form white powder and suspend.After the neutralization, ortho-titanic acid or titanium hydroxide filtered obtain filter cake, filter cake is inserted in running water or the soft water, be stirred to fully evenly disperse and keep certain hour after, filter again; Wherein running water is greater than 5/1 at least to the ratio of filter cake.As the clean step of above-mentioned dispersed with stirring, filtration more than at least 3 times.Each clean step mixing speed remains on 120-1200rpm, and the time is more than at least 10 minutes, and is advisable with 30 minutes, and employed filter plant can be dewaterer, filter press, vacuum filter or centrifuge etc.
The filter cake of cleaning is inserted in the deionized water, after dispersed with stirring is even, add oxidant or inorganic acid according to need.Spendable oxidant comprised one or more of chloric acid, periodic acid, potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate and nitric acid etc. among the present invention, it adds concentration from 1 grams per liter to 200 grams per liter, employed inorganic salts then comprise one or more of hydrogen iodide, hydrogen bromide, hydrochloric acid, mistake chloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, periodic acid etc., and its addition is 1 milliliter/liter～120 milliliters/liter.
The adding of oxidant or inorganic acid can be the two and adds entirely, also can only add wherein one, decides on the finished product requirement fully.Finished product is if be directly used in sprinkling or the surface, then to add oxidant for preferentially considering; If finished product will be used for film forming or following process be arranged or require high concentration person, then be incorporated as and want with adding inorganic acid or the two collocation.Wherein the kind of inorganic salts is selected, then considers according to the application (being processed material) of finished product and environment and decides.Ortho-titanic acid colloidal sol behind adding oxidant or the inorganic acid, carry out conversion reaction according to the temperature and time of setting, in the present invention, conversion temperature is 10～95 ℃ (deciding according to additive is different), time, then more than at least 10 minutes, mixing speed then remained on 30～300rpm.
Soup after the conversion then transfers to temperature to 50～95 ℃, continues to heat and stirs 4 to 24 hours, and mixing speed then remains on 30～300rpm, to carry out slaking reaction.Sol solutions after the slaking, net filtration is finished product behind the branch packing supervisor after filtration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a photocatalyst of titanium dioxide synthetic method calcspar of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a production process calcspar of the present invention.
The figure number explanation:
After the ortho-titanic acid of cleaning (titanium hydroxide) mixed, add selected oxidant or inorganic acid 140 in pure water (deionized water); Slaking program 15; To carry out slaking 150 according to temperature, the time set through the solution that transforms;
The colloidal sol 16 that slaking is finished; Be finished product 160 through pH adjustment/filtration/packing.
The specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of crystal type photocatalyst of titanium dioxide synthetic method, below, enumerate embodiment with explanation content of the present invention, but scope of the present invention has more than the example that is limited to these:
Embodiment one:
Add 10 liters of deionized waters in 20 liters reactive tank, mixing speed is set in 300rpm, and reactive tank maintains the temperature between 5～10 ℃ with ice-water bath, gets titanium tetrachloride (TiCl
4) (content 98%) 500 gram, continue to add entry with constant displacement pump with the speed of per minute 4 milliliters (4ml/min); After adding finishes fully, continue to stir 2 hours (to the liquid clear) again, add with the ammoniacal liquor of 20wt% concentration speed then with 10 milliliters of per minutes, mixing speed is then brought up to 600rpm and is continued to observe PH and changes, when PH reaches 4.0, change with 2～4 milliliters of speed addings of per minute ammoniacal liquor, between PH=7.5～8.0.After above-mentioned solution filtered with vacuum filter, with white filter cake (containing ortho-titanic acid, i.e. titanium hydroxide) to going in 200 liters the rinse bath, put into 100 liters of running water or soft water in the groove earlier, mixing speed is set at 600rpm, and the time then is 2 hours (till mixing), filters then.Behind this clean filtration triplicate, filter cake can be moved in conversion, the digester.Put into 20 liters deionized water in the groove earlier, mixing speed remains on 300rpm, and filter cake adds the back and continues stirring 1 hour so that mix, and will cross chloric acid (HClO then
4) 50 milliliters of addings, continue at normal temperatures to stir 30 minutes; Temperature is increased to 80～90 ℃ then, continues under stirring after 6 hours, cooling packing after cooling PH adjusts is finished product.Prepare the gained TiO 2 sol with this method and be colourless to the yellow transparent hydrosol, its PH is 5～9, and content of titanium dioxide is about 1%, distribution of particles is 5～50nm, be needle-like to flaky crystal, can be directly used in the spraying processing or, all can bring into play the effect of self-cleaning, decontamination through the post processing film forming; Cooperate the irradiation of ultraviolet light, then can bring into play the effect of sterilization.
Embodiment two:
Treatment step is the same, but in conversion process, changes with potassium permanganate (KMnO
4) replaced chloric acid (HClO
4) institute's addition be 75 the gram, operating condition is with embodiment one, the gained titania sol liquid is the yellow transparent aqueous solution, its PH is 7～9, content of titanium dioxide is about 1%, distribution of particles is needle-like to flaky crystal about 5～30nm; Contain an amount of manganese (Mn) in this way gained titanium dioxide, decontamination, sterilization are had booster action, but because of containing minute quantity potassium, inapplicable industrial use.
Embodiment three:
Treatment step is with embodiment one, but the amount of titanium tetrachloride changes 2.5 kilograms into, the chloric acid (HClO excessively of conversion
4) change 150 milliliters into, all the other conditions such as preceding, the photocatalyst of titanium dioxide after the processing is with embodiment one, but the content of titanium dioxide in the colloidal sol is about 5%; This product is because photocatalyst content is higher, except can also can be used for purposes such as exterior wall processing or sanitary bath equipment in order to the function of general mildew-resistant, decontamination, sterilization.
Embodiment four:
In 20 liters reactive tank, add 9 liters of deionized waters, mixing speed 600rpm adds 1 liter in sulfuric acid again, measure then titanium sulfate (Ti (SO
4)
2) 400 grams, add in the dilute sulfuric acid of above-mentioned stirring in batches, continue stirring until dissolving (more than at least 2 hours) fully.Add each operating procedure such as embodiment one thereafter, the composition of the finished product of gained such as embodiment one finished product then with 20% ammoniacal liquor speed with 10 milliliters of per minutes.
Embodiment five:
Treatment step is with embodiment one, but in acidization with phosphoric acid (HPO
4) replaced chloric acid, using phosphoric acid amount is 100 to 150 milliliters; Curing temperature then is increased to 90～95 ℃, 8 to 12 hours time, also can obtain colourlessly to yellow photocatalyst of titanium dioxide vitreosol, and its composition and content is with embodiment one, but owing to contain the carbamate additives for low phosphorus acid group in the solution, more can effectively reach the effect of cleaning and absorption.
Embodiment six:
Treatment step and operating condition such as embodiment one, but curing temperature changes 70～80 ℃ into, and the reaction time extends to 24 hours, also can obtain the photocatalyst of titanium dioxide vitreosol of composition and function such as embodiment one.
Embodiment seven:
Treatment step and operating condition such as embodiment one, but the chloric acid of crossing that adds when transforming changes 10 milliliters into, add 50 milliliters of phosphoric acid in addition, all the other operations are as embodiment one, curing temperature then is increased to 90～95 ℃, in 6 hours reaction time, also can obtain the photocatalyst of titanium dioxide vitreosol of composition and function such as embodiment five.
Embodiment eight:
Treatment step and operating condition such as embodiment two, but the potassium permanganate addition is 80 grams, adds 50 milliliters of phosphatase 11s in addition again, and curing temperature then is increased to 90～95 ℃, in 8 hours reaction time, also can obtain the titanium dioxide optical catalyst sol of composition and function such as embodiment two.
For making the present invention more show its progressive and practicality, hereby its advantage is listed below:
1, can bring into play the effect of self-cleaning, decontamination;
2, cooperate the irradiation of ultraviolet light, then can bring into play the effect of sterilization.
3, effectively reach the effect of cleaning and absorption.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of method of crystal type TiO 2 sol of synthesis nano tool photocatalyst function comprises:
(i) dilution program: with compound dissolved dilution in acid solution of titanium, described acid solution is the dilute sulfuric acid that is used for the watery hydrochloric acid of titanium tetrachloride system or is used for the titanium sulfate system, acid strength is less than 4M, the compound concentrations of the titanium after the dilution is 5～20wt%, mixing speed 30～600rpm during dilution, temperature remains on 4～30 ℃, and the reaction time is 1 to 4 hour;
(ii) and program: to mix up the ammoniacal liquor that concentration is 10～25wt%, join by the interpolation speed of 1～30 ml/min in the dilution of compound of titanium, in under stirring, carrying out and program, mixing speed is 120～1200rpm, be adjusted to pH=5～9, in and the time temperature remain on 4～30 ℃, the reaction time is 1 to 4 hour;
(iii) ablution program: will filter through the ortho-titanic acid that step neutralization is (ii) separated out and clean; Filter used equipment and be in dewaterer, filter press, vacuum filter or the centrifuge any, precipitate after the filtration is inserted in the running water again, be stirred to even dispersion, filter once again, wherein the use amount of running water is 3～200 times of volumes of precipitate amount, mixing speed 120～1200rpm, mixing time is 10～120 minutes, filters the step of cleaning and will repeat 2～5 times;
(iV) Transformation Program: the precipitate cleaned after pure water or deionized water for stirring mix, is added oxidant or inorganic acid; Described oxidant was selected from one or more of chloric acid, periodic acid, sodium permanganate, potassium permanganate, nitric acid, and addition is 1～200 grams per liter; Described inorganic acid was selected from one or more of chloric acid, periodic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide, addition is 1～200 milliliter/liter, temperature during conversion remains on 10～95 ℃, and mixing speed is 30-300rpm, and transformation time is 10-120 minute;
(V) slaking program: will in the digester of former groove or setting in addition, carry out slaking reaction through the solution that transforms, mixing speed during slaking is 30～300rpm, and temperature is 50～95 ℃, and the time is 4 to 24 hours, the colloidal sol that slaking is finished is finished product through pH adjustment/filtration/packing.
2, the method for claim 1, the compound of wherein said titanium is selected from titanium tetrachloride and titanium sulfate.
3, by the crystal type TiO 2 sol of the prepared nanoscale tool photocatalyst function of the method for claim 1 or 2, its distribution of particles is that 2～50nm, its crystal type content of titanium dioxide are 0.5～10wt%.
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| CN101721991B (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2012-05-23 | 南京大学 | Method for preparing V-Ti-Si-O composite catalyst used in methanol oxidation for synthesizing methylal |
| CN101757906B (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2012-01-18 | 南京大学 | Preparation method for V-Ti-Al-O composite catalyst for methylal synthesis through methanol oxidation |
| CN102107907B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-11-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Porous nano hydrated titanium dioxide dearsenifying material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101757662B (en) * | 2010-01-14 | 2013-04-24 | 广州三瑞环保科技有限公司 | Nano TiO2 emulsion, synthesis method thereof and use thereof |
| CN102426928A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-04-25 | 彩虹集团公司 | Method for preparing titanium dioxide dense membrane for dye sensitized solar cell |
| CN104338522A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-11 | 京程科技股份有限公司 | Preparing method of titanium dioxide sol photocatalyst and applications of the titanium dioxide sol photocatalyst in decontamination and self-cleaning |
| TWI638779B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2018-10-21 | 京程科技股份有限公司 | Method of producing vanadium-titania sol and its application on anti-dust and self-cleaning |
| CN107790113A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-13 | 天津儒创新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of modified nano photo-catalytic hydrosol production line |
| CN107790114A (en) * | 2016-09-06 | 2018-03-13 | 天津儒创新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of nano photo-catalytic crystallization liquid production line |
| CN112624184B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-11-25 | 大连长丰实业总公司 | Preparation method of titanium oxychloride solution |
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| JPH08208228A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-13 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Production of amorphous titanium dioxide sol |
| CN1295977A (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2001-05-23 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Simple method for preparing titanium dioxide collosol |
| CN1323743A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Process of preparing titania sol from titanium tetrachloride |
| US6653356B2 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2003-11-25 | Jonathan Sherman | Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide coatings, and processes for the production and use thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| JPS6317221B2 (en) * | 1980-07-31 | 1988-04-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | |
| JPH08208228A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1996-08-13 | Nissan Chem Ind Ltd | Production of amorphous titanium dioxide sol |
| US6653356B2 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2003-11-25 | Jonathan Sherman | Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide coatings, and processes for the production and use thereof |
| CN1323743A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-28 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Process of preparing titania sol from titanium tetrachloride |
| CN1295977A (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2001-05-23 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Simple method for preparing titanium dioxide collosol |
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