BE1029637B1 - Electrical installation - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrical installation, containing one or more circuits (4) that are supplied with power from the electricity grid (3) to which solar panels (9) are connected, wherein the installation (1) is provided with a control signal (12) that indicates whether the solar panels ( 9) supply current or not, characterized in that at least one circuit (4) is provided with a circuit breaker (13, 14) with an open and a closed position controlled by this control signal (12), the circuit breaker being a day circuit breaker (13 ) or is or contains a night machine (14), wherein: - the day machine (13) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) supply power and is open when the solar panels do not supply power; the night machine (14) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (9) do not supply power and is open when the solar panels (9) do supply power.

Description

; BE2021/5607

Electrical installation.

The present invention relates to an electrical installation.

More specifically, but not limited to, the invention is intended for domestic electrical installations connected to a public electricity grid, typically mono-phase 220 Volt or three-phase 480 Volt, and provided with solar panels connected to the grid via an inverter. which, in the event of an overproduction of the solar panels, can inject the surplus power into the grid.

In addition to an electricity meter, a simple electrical installation in a private house consists of a fuse box from which circuits depart,

The electricity enters the electricity meter from the public grid on the street and from there it goes in the fuse box to the general 300mA RCD (or surge protector or differential).

In that fuse box, power typically then flows to: fuses 104 of power circuits for the home's lighting; = fuses 15-Z0A of power circuits for sockets or Loestelien; - a sensitive 30mA RCD with:

se Fuses LOA of circuits FOR the lighting of damp rooms; s Fuses of circuits 15-204 for sockets and appliances in damp rooms: = no fuse for the inverter to the solar panels

An electrical installation with three phases is more complicated than with a single phase, but this distinction is not relevant here.

In the past, all electricity meters were mechanical with rotating counters, which reverse when the consumer injects energy into the grid instead of using it. That is 25 so wamesr solar panels generate more energy than the owner consumes.

These mechanical meters are systematically replaced by digital meters over a certain period of time.

In Belgium, for example, all households and SMEs must have a digital meter by 1 July 2029.

The installation of digital meters costs money, but they allow smarter use of natural gas and electricity, such as less energy consumption or consumption when electricity is cheap and thus save on energy bills.

The digital meter can also send quality and consumption data to apps, smart applications or smart home appliances. They provide more comfort and convenience

_ BE2021/5607 3 can reduce natural gas or electricity consumption.

This forwarding of data goes through the user port of the digital meter, which automatically forwards the meter readings to the network operator, so that a meter reader no longer has to pass by.

The digital meter provides much more insight into energy consumption and offers many more options to control that consumption yourself,

Dynamic electricity contracts are coming soon. This type of allocation contract assumes that the consumer is actively engaged in electricity consumption and that it is in line with the hourly rates or at least has a consumption profile that deviates: from the classic consumption behaviour. low consumption at night and high consumption during the day.

A family or a company that consumes a lot at times with high hourly rates will receive a higher energy bill with this type of contract. Applications connected to the user port of the digital meter make it possible in the future to automatically control consumption based on the variable energy price. For example, the consumer can let the electricity consumption of appliances and applications - easily and without loss of comfort - coincide as much as possible with the hours with Low energy tariffs, for example charging an electric vehicle or heat pump or washing machine, or the like.

‚ BE2021/5607 4

In this way, the consumer can reduce the energy costs on his bill.

The digital meters have user ports to which applications can be linked that provide a better overview of daily use. They also offer options for smart control of electronic devices. In this way, the end customer can save both energy and costs.

The intention is to use the electricity from solar panels immediately as much as possible, this is called car consumption. For example, a smart heat pump connected to the digital meter can heat or cool the home when the solar panels generate sufficient electricity.

As a consumer, today or in the near future, a challenge is to monitor consumption according to the variable electricity price. The consumer can do this himself, so actively by switching devices on or off, depending on the information he receives from his digital meter about the electricity price and about the electricity whether or not generated by his solar panels.

This challenge is increasingly getting a solution. Companies are gradually developing devices and apps to support consumers in monitoring their electricity or gas consumption.

Another challenge is the development of so-called c BE2021/5607 smart devices that communicate with the smart meter and therefore start up when advantageous or desirable. No intervention from the consumer is required.

A problem, however, is that such devices and apps hardly exist anymore since they are still under development.

Another problem is that existing classic devices fall by the wayside as they are not equipped for this and that, as a result, these techniques and devices can only be used when replacing the classic devices, which therefore entails a considerable cost that ca. will pay for itself after a few ears thanks to the energy savings acquired,

The present invention aims to provide a solution to the aforementioned and other problems,

To this end, the invention relates to an installation in which car consumption can be ensured without smart appliances, but through smart control of the power supply to the power circuits/indoor power supply,

Smart control means that power is only available in a power circuit when the solar panels supply power, or alternatively, power is only available in a circuit when the solar panels do not supply power, for example at night or when it is cloudy. 38

Smart control can also say that in a

N BE2021/5607 € power circuit only power is available when the smart meter indicates that mains power is cheap, so this version does not require solar panels, inverters or any other device that indicates sunshine.

Such an electrical installation according to the invention contains one or more circuits that can be supplied with power via a meter from the electricity grid to which one or more solar panels are connected via an inverter in such a way that strcom OD surplus can be injected into the grid, whereby each circuit is protected by a fuse and in which the installation is provided with a control signal that indicates whether the solar panels supply power or not, characterized in that at least one circuit is provided with an automatic device with an open and closed position that is controlled by the aforementioned control signal, where the machine is a day machine or a night machine, where: - the day machine is closed when the control signal indicates that the solar panels are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power, so that only more than power is then transferred from the grid to the relevant circuit through when the solar panels supply power: - at night the automatic is closed when the control signal indicates that the solar panels do not supply power and is open when the solar panels do supply power, so that power can only pass through from the grid to the relevant circuit when the solar panels are not supplying power,

Thus, thanks to the day machine, classic appliances can only be supplied with power as the solar panels

N BE2021/5607 supply free power without the user intervening,

In an analogous way, it can also be useful to supply certain devices with power only when the solar panels are not supplying power, for example for the power supply of power consumers that only have to operate at night, for example night lighting, when the solar panels are not active and these consumers are best be switched off during the day to avoid unnecessary power consumption,

Classic devices should therefore not necessarily be replaced by smart devices. For example, the purchase can be postponed until the classic device in question needs to be replaced due to a defect or other reasons.

The invention offers the possibility to save on energy costs with a limited and quickly earned back investment,

Such a circuit breaker can be realized with existing electrical components that are easy to find such as a relay, a transistor, a FET, a thyristor, or a solid state relay or triac,

Preferably, at least one circuit of the electrical installation is equipped with both a day machine and a night machine connected in parallel between the mains and the relevant circuit and with a selector switch between the power circuit and the day machine and the night machine with a single output for the SLIOGMYOrSee the circuit concerned and with at least two inputs, respectively a day input to which the "output of the day machine is connected and a night input to which the output of the night machine is connected, where the selector switch is a multi-position switch with at least two positions, respectively a day position where only the day input is connected to the output and the sen night mode 20 where only the night input is connected to the output.

This combination with a switch allows the user to choose between a day mode in which current is only passed through when the solar panels are supplying power and a night mode in which current is only allowed through when the solar panels are not supplying power, as desired.

The day machine and the night machine can be integrated into a single combined machine that is controlled by the control signal, where the combined machine has an input and two outputs, respectively a day output and a night output, only allowing current to the dec output when the solar panels are turned off. Supply power and only pass power to the night output when the solar vanes are not supplying power, such a combined circuit breaker is more compact and only needs one connection for the control signal, 32

The selector switch can be additionally equipped with an extra mains input and an additional mains position in which current is always passed from the mains input to the output, regardless of whether the solar panels supply power or not.

The selector switch can also be equipped with an extra off position where no current is passed through,

The control signal can be tapped from the inverter or from a smart meter that is equipped with such a control signal as standard.

If the circuit breakers and the selector switch are located in the house at a distance from the meter and inverter from which the control signal is tapped, the existing electrical circuits of the installation can be used to transmit the control signal by using a set of two so-called “powerline adapters”, respectively a first adapter that is

LAN port is connected to the control signal from the inverter or from a smart meter and a second adapter that is connected with its LAN port to a vending machine,

According to a special aspect of the invention, the circuit breakers and the selector switch can be integrated together with the second "power line adapter" into one device with one input and one output for the current and a control element for the selector switch, for example in the form of a type of multi-plug socket with a plug for plugging into a socket near the one to be supplied with power

“9 BE2021/5607 consumer and a socket for connecting the electrical consumer.

The invention also relates to such an integrated device in an electrical installation as described above,

With the aim of better demonstrating the features of the invention, some preferred embodiments of an electrical installation according to the invention are described below by way of example without any limiting character, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: figure 1 schematically shows an electrical installation according to depicts the invention in a situation where the solar panels provide power; figure 2 shows the installation of figure 1, but in a situation where the solar panels do not supply power: figures 3A and 3B show an installation with an additional selector switch and this with the selector switch in two different positions; Figures 4 to 7 show possible variant embodiments of an electrical installation according to the invention.

The domestic electrical installation 1 shown in figure 1 contains, as usual, a meter 2a with which the installation is connected to the public electricity network 3 for the power supply.

il

The installation 1 further comprises a number of electric current circuits 4, each of which is protected against overload by means of a fuse 5. In the case of figure 1, two current circuits 4 are shown, respectively a current circuit da connected to a fuse 5a of 16 ampere and a circuit 40 connected to a 20 amp fuse 5b,

Such a circuit 4 is usually provided for the power supply of several appliances or consumers 6, such as a group of sockets or light points, but can also be limited to a single consumer 6 zcals one is over or the like, in the case of a monoc phase circuit, the circuits are classically constructed with three current conductors, namely a neutral conductor, a phase conductor and earth cell conductor. only the current conductors 7 are shown in the figures and the neutral conductors and the earthing conductors have been omitted for simplicity.

In the case of three phases, in addition to the neutral conductor and the earthing conductors, three live wires are provided, but this plays no role for the principle of the invention.

The entire installation 1 is traditionally also protected by a residual current circuit breaker 8,

The invention relates to an installation 1 with one

Or more solar panels 9 connected to the grid 3 via an inverter 10 and the meter 2. 3 The meter 2 can be a digital meter 2b as shown in figure 2 only, but can also be a reversing analog meter Za as shown in the other figures.

The inverter 10 and the digital meter 2b are provided with a gate 11 from which a control signal 12 is tapped, which indicates whether the solar panels supply power or not.

According to the invention, the circuit 4a is provided with a day circuit breaker 13 with an open and a closed position which is controlled by the above-mentioned control signal 12, wherein the day circuit 13 is closed when the control signal 12 indicates that the solar panels 9 supply power and is open when the solar panels do not produce any current, so that current can only pass from the grid 3 to the relevant circuit da when the solar panels 3 supply current.

The day machine 13 is shown here as a relay, but can be designed as any other controlled switch. Figure 1 shows a situation in which the solar panels 5 supply current during the day and as a result the machine is closed so that the circuit 4a then allows the current from the mains to pass.

In the event that the solar panels do not supply any current, for example at night, the circuit breaker 13 will be opened by the control signal 12 and will then not allow any current from the grid 3 to pass through,

In an analogous manner, the circuit 4b is provided with a night machine 14 in the form of a relay or the like, which is closed when the control signal 12 indicates that the 38 solar panels 3 do not supply power and is open when the solar panels do supply power, so that only then pass current from the grid 3 to the relevant circuit when the solar panels do not supply current, in the situation of figure 1 in which the solar panels S supply current, the night machine 14 is open. If, on the other hand, the solar panels do not supply any current, the night machine 14 will be closed.

Thus, the circuit 4a will only receive power when the solar panels 3 supply power to the grid and the circuit 4b will then receive power only when the solar panels do not supply power,

The latter situation is shown in Figure 2, in which the daytime machine 13 is open and the nighttime machine 14 is closed when the solar panels 9 are supplying power.

In the case of figure 2, a smart digital meter 2b has been applied and the control signal 12 or the solar panels 9

_ BE2021/5607 14 whether or not to supply power from the smart meter 2b instead of the inverter 10,

Figures 3A and 3E show a situation in which

S in the circuit da both a day machine 13 and a night machine 14 are provided and an additional selector switch for choosing which of the two machines 13 or 14 is used for the power supply of circuit ia. 12

The selector switch 15 is provided with an output 15a for the power supply of the relevant circuit 4a and with two inputs, respectively a day input 15b to which the day machine 13 is connected and a night input 150 to which the night machine 14 is connected.

The selector switch 15 is a multi-position switch with in this case two positions, which can be switched, for example by means of a push button or other operating element ibd, between, on the one hand, a day position as shown in figure 3A, in which only the day input 15b is connected to the output 15a and , on the other hand, a night service as shown in Figure 3B, where only the night input 150 is connected to the output 15a.

The selector switch 15 thus allows Loe to choose between a day mode of figure 3A in which current is only passed through when the solar panels 3 supply power and a night mode of figure 3B in which current is only passed through when the solar panels 9 are not supplying power,

45 BE2021/5607

Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the installation 1 of figure 3a, in which in this case the day machine 13 and the night machine 14 are integrated in a single combined machine 16 controlled by the control signal 12.

This combined circuit breaker 16 contains a common input 16a and two outputs, respectively a daytime output 16b and a nighttime output 160, the daytime output 165 being connected to the daytime input 156 of the selector switch 15 and the power output 2160 of the combined circuit breaker 16 being connected to the nighttime input 15c of the selector switch 15,

With this circuit breaker 16, current is only passed through to the daytime output 16b when the solar panels 9 supply power, as shown in Figure 4, and current is only passed through to the nighttime output 160 when the solar panels 3 do not provide power,

As shown in dotted line in figure €, the residual current switch dy of the circuit breaker 16 and the selector switch 15 are usually located in a fuse box 17 from which all circuits 4 originate, each protected by a separate fuse 5 in the fuse box 17.

The meter 2 and the transducer 10 are usually located close to each other, so that the control signal 12 can be easily fed into the fuse box via a separate signal wire.

Figure 5 shows yet another variant of an installation 1 according to the invention, wherein in this case the selector switch 15 has an additional mains input 15e which can be connected via the fuse 5 to the residual current circuit breaker 8 in order to operate the circuit breaker 16 in this way. bridge.

In this case, the selector switch 15 has an additional mains position, as shown in Figure 5, in which current is always passed via the current conductor 7 from the mains input 15e to the output 15a, regardless of whether the solar panels supply current or not. The selector switch 15 then has three selectable positions, namely allowing current to pass only when the solar panels 9 supply current; only pass current when the solar panels 9 are not supplying current and always supply current regardless of whether the solar panels are supplying current or not.

The selector switch 15 can also be provided with an additional off position in which no current is passed.

When the circuit breaker 16 is located at a distance from the fuse box 17: and no separate signal wire is available, as shown in figure 6, the

Control signal 12 is passed on via an existing electrical circuit 4 from the installation 1 to the machine 16 via a set of two so-called “powerline adapters” 18, respectively a first adapter ÎBa and a second adapter 18b, each with its own LAN port, respectively 38 180 and 184.

__ BE2021/5607

The LAN port 180 of the adapter 18a is connected to the signal port of the inverter 10 or of a smart meter 2b and forwards this signal via the circuit 4 to the second adapter 18b and thus via the LAN port 18d to the machine. 16.

It cannot be ruled out that, as shown in a dotted line in figure 6, the machine 15 and the test switch 15 are integrated together in the second "powerline adapter" 18b in one device 19 with one input 19a and one output 19b for the current n and s control element. 15€ for the integrated selector switch 15.

This integrated Loestel 19 can, for example, be designed as a multi-plug socket with a plug for plugging into a socket and an integrated socket for connecting an electrical consumer.

It is then sufficient to plug the device 19 into a socket and plug in a consumer in order to be able to use the functionality of the selector switch 15.

In some installations 1, such as in the one in figure 7, the circuits 4 contain five wires coming from the fuse box: 17 and run in conduits 20 in the floor and in the walls of the house.

In addition to the earthing conductor, the neutral conductor and the current conductor 7, these five wires also contain two additional current conductors 7 and jw, so a total of three current conductors, in this case the three current conductors can be used for the connection between a circuit breaker 16 in the fuse box 17 and a selector switch 15 in another room of the house as in figure 7,

It is clear that the technical elaboration of the invention can be very diverse due to the many possible combinations of: whether or not to use a switch and its location; - location of the machine; - control of the machine via the inverter or the smart meter or both,

It is also clear that the machine can also be controlled by other signals from another device

Then the smart meter or inverter or a combination of several information or control sources such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a sun sensor, a heating installation with a solar water heater, weather or sun information for example via the internet, a thermometer, a Limer or commands of the user, for example via the Internet,

The control signal can be sent to the machine via a signal cable or via a set of powerline adapters or wirelessly via a wireless transmitter/receiver, or the like.

The present invention is by no means limited to the embodiments described as an example and shown in the figures, but an electrical installation according to the invention can be made in all kinds of shapes and sizes.

3 achieved without departing from the scope of the invention,

Claims (1)

Conclusions. l.- Electrical household installation, containing one or more current circuits (4) which are supplied with power via a meter {2} from the electricity grid {3} to which one or more solar panels (9) are connected via an inverter (10) co such way that surplus power can be injected into the grid, whereby the installation {1} is provided with a control signal (12) that indicates whether the solar panels {3} supply power or not, characterized in that at least one power circuit (4) is provided of a machine (13,14) with an open and a closed position which is controlled by the aforementioned control signal (121, the machine being a day machine {133 or a night machine (14) or Cevat, where: - the day machine (13) is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels (3} are supplying power and is open when the solar panels are not supplying power, i.e. only allowing power to pass through from the grid {3} when the solar panels (9) are supplying power; - the night ouch tomato {14} is closed when the control signal (12) indicates that the solar panels {9} do not supply #5 power and is open when the solar panels (9) do produce electricity so that only then power can be passed on from the grid {3} when the solar panels 193} do not supply power, 2. Electrical installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the circuit breaker (13, 14) is designed as a component from the following non-limitative list: - a relay: - a transistor; gene FET: a thyristor; - a solid state relay or triac, 3. Electrical installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one circuit {4} is equipped with a day circuit breaker (13; and a night circuit breaker (14) are connected in parallel between the network {3} and the current circuit {4) in question. } and a selector switch (15) between the circuit (4) and the daytime machine (13) and the nighttime machine {T4} with an output (15a) for the power supply of the relevant circuit {4} and with at least two inputs, respectively one day input (15b) to which the day machine {133 is connected and a night input {156} to which the night machine {14} is connected, WhereDLj is the selector switch {153 ser multiposition switch with at least two positions, respectively a day position where only the day input {Lbb} is connected is with the output (1~15a); and a night mode where only the night input (150) is connected to the output {15a}, so that the selector switch (153 allows to choose between a day mode and a night mode, Electrical installation according to claim 3, characterized in that the day machine {13} and the night machine (14) are integrated in a single combined machine (16) controlled by the control signal {12}, the combined circuit breaker {15} comprising an input (16a) and two outputs, respectively a day output {16b) and a night output (160), whereby only current is supplied to the day output ({léb)} allowed through if the solar panels {9} have power and only current is allowed through to the night output {160} when the solar panels (93) do not supply any current, whereby the day output {16») of the combined circuit breaker {16} is connected to the day input 30 ( 15b) of the selector switch (15) and the night output (16c) of the combined circuit breaker (16) is connected to the night input (15b) of the selector switch (15), Electrical installation according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the selector switch (15) noc has an extra mains input (15e) and an additional mains position in which current is always passed from the mains input (Îî5e) to the output (15a}, regardless of whether the solar panels (9) supply current or not, 0.” Electrical installation according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the selector switch {15} has an additional off position in which no current is passed. J Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signali (12) is tapped from the inverter (10) or from a smart meter (2b). 8.- Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control signal (12) is passed on via an electrical circuit (4) from the installation (1) to the machine (16) vis a set of > two so-called "powerline adapters” 18, respectively a first adapter (18a) which is connected with its LAN port {18c} to the control signal {12} from the inverter (10) or from a smart meter {2b} and a second adapter ({18b } which is connected with its LAN port (180) to a machine (16) 5,- Electrical installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the machine {13,14,16) and the selector switch (15) together with the second “ power line adapter” (18b) are integrated in one device {19} with one input (19a) and one output (196) for the power and a control element (150) for the selector switch (15). 10. Electrical installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the integrated appliance {13} is designed as a multi-plug socket with a plug for inserting into a socket and a socket for connecting an electrical consumer, 11. Electrical installation according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is an installation (1) for domestic use. 12.- Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is an installation (1) ZA connected to a network with one phase 220 Volt or with three phases 220 Volt or 480 Volt. 13. Electrical installation according to claim 6 but without day mode, being a position in which current is only allowed through when the solar panels (3) provide current. 14. Electrical installation according to claim 6 but without night mode, being a mode in which current is only allowed through when the solar panels (9) do not supply current, 15. Electrical installation as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, controlled by a signal from a smart meter, whereby electricity is only allowed through when electricity is cheap. 16.- Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, controlled by a signal not from a smart meter or an inverter, but from a sun sensor or from a heating installation with a solar boiler or another device that indicates sunshine, 17.- Electrical installation according to one of the the preceding claims wherein the electrical current conductors {7} are supplemented with low-voltage wire or several low-voltage wires and/or supply wire of, for example, 24 volts and a voltage converter so that this low-voltage wire continues to connect to the appliance when the mains power is _ BE2021/5607 ZI switched off, whichever low-voltage wire also provides feedback of a control signal to the machine, so that the device may also control the machine, so that the device can indicate, for example, that the machine may not switch off for a certain period of time. 18.7 Electrical installation according to one of the preceding claims, controlled by a signal from a device or device that combines the control of several information or control sources, such as: a smart meter, an inverter of solar panels, a sensor sensor, a heating installation with a solar boiler, weather si sun information for example via the internet, sen thermometer. a timer or commands from the user, for example via the internet.