WO2002050989A1 - Convertisseur pwm de calage au point neutre a trois niveaux et unite de commande de tension du point neutre - Google Patents
Convertisseur pwm de calage au point neutre a trois niveaux et unite de commande de tension du point neutre Download PDFInfo
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- WO2002050989A1 WO2002050989A1 PCT/JP2001/010480 JP0110480W WO0250989A1 WO 2002050989 A1 WO2002050989 A1 WO 2002050989A1 JP 0110480 W JP0110480 W JP 0110480W WO 0250989 A1 WO0250989 A1 WO 0250989A1
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- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 244
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 74
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000007582 Corylus avellana Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100370058 Escherichia coli (strain K12) tolC gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000630329 Scomberesox saurus saurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a three-level neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device which is one of power converters such as an inverter, a servo drive, etc. for driving a motor at a variable speed, and a power converter for system interconnection.
- Neutral point which is used in a PWM inverter device and has a voltage between the neutral point and the negative bus between two capacitors connected in series between its positive and negative buses.
- the present invention relates to a neutral voltage controller that controls point voltage.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a main circuit configuration of a three-level neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device. As shown in Fig. 1, the three-level neutral point-clamped PWM inverter device is composed of two capacitors 7, three-phase output terminals, 12 switching elements 8, and 18 diodes 9. Is done. '
- each phase output terminal when turned on Suitchin grayed element 8 I 8 2, each phase output terminal is connected to the positive bus connected to the P point, each phase of The output phase voltage becomes high level.
- the switching elements 8 2 and 8 3 are turned on, the output terminal of each phase is connected to the neutral point C, and the output phase voltage of each phase is the intermediate level between the high level and the low level (the neutral point voltage). ).
- each phase output terminal When turning on the switch ring element 83, 84, each phase output terminal is connected to a negative bus that is connected to the N-point, each phase of the output phase voltage becomes low.
- a three-level neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device it is common to switch each switching element 8 based on the above three patterns to drive a three-phase load.
- a neutral point voltage is obtained by dividing the voltage of the capacitor 7, and the neutral point voltage fluctuates according to the current supplied to the load. If the neutral point voltage fluctuates, an overvoltage is applied to the capacitor 7 and the life of the capacitor 7 is shortened. Therefore, in the three-level neutral point clamp type PWM inverter, control is performed to suppress the fluctuation of the neutral point voltage. For neutral point voltage control.
- Fig. 5 shows an example of a device that calculates the PWM pulse of a neutral point clamp type PWM inverter using the concept of the space voltage vector.
- This device includes a beta time calculator 102, a beta time register 103, a PWM pulse pattern setting device 104, and a parameter setting device 105.
- the output voltage output by the inverter is the space vector amount as shown in Fig. 4.
- the vector time calculator 102 changes the area of the output voltage vector V to the PWM pulse pattern setter 104.
- the 27 types of vectors shown in Fig. 4 are selected, and the vector train and the vector are sequentially output as PWM pulses whose average PWM period is the same as the output voltage vector V.
- the output time ( ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 5) of those vector sequences and vectors is determined by the vector time register.
- the PWM generation time is set so that the correction vector generation time decreases in the neutral point voltage fluctuation direction.
- the loose pattern setter 104 is adjusted.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-37592 discloses that one long vector in the output space vector of a three-level impeller and a region sandwiched by a middle-length vector adjacent thereto. The entire 360 ° space formed by these vectors is divided into 12 sections, and the section numbers in the 12 sections of the command vector are determined based on the rotation angle of the command vector. At the same time, the modulation rate is calculated based on the magnitude of the command vector, and the transmission method and transmission order that suppress the fluctuation of the neutral point voltage of the voltage divider capacitor of the three-level park are calculated based on the modulation rate and the current ratio.
- a PWM control method of a three-level inverter is disclosed, in which the transmission method and the transmission time of each specific vector in the transmission order are calculated, and the three-level inverter is PWM-controlled. ...
- the neutral point voltage is determined by the phase current of the load connected to the neutral line and the time ratio at which this switch state occurs. Since there is no fluctuating and no vector to capture this, neutral voltage fluctuations caused by intermediate vectors need to be corrected using correction vectors.
- a zero-phase voltage is added to the modulation factor to adjust the time for generating the correction vector and change the line output voltage supplied to the load.
- the neutral point voltage fluctuation is controlled.
- a method utilizing the concept of a space voltage vector is also used.
- the voltage vector to be output is output so as to use the correction vector, and the neutral point voltage is controlled by adjusting the generation time of the switch state of the set. The method of determining the correction vector ratio was not optimal in order to reduce the voltage fluctuation to zero, and the neutral point voltage fluctuation suppression effect was insufficient.
- a transmission method that suppresses fluctuations in the neutral point potential of a predetermined voltage dividing capacitor of a three-level inverter by using a modulation factor and a current ratio.
- the transmission order is determined, and the PWM control is performed by calculating the output time of each specific vector in the transmission method and transmission order, so that the neutral point current can be made close to zero.
- this method could not make the neutral point voltage fluctuation completely zero.
- Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional neutral point voltage controller that detects the neutral point voltage level and outputs a neutral point voltage control command for suppressing neutral point voltage fluctuations.
- the conventional neutral point voltage control device includes two isolation amplifiers 6 and a calculation circuit 3.
- the two isolation amplifiers 6 have a first reference voltage V refl that is half the voltage V PN (DC bus voltage) between the points P and N, and a voltage between the points C and N , That is, the neutral point voltage V CN is input to each.
- Calculation circuit 3 consists of two The output of the amplifier 6 is input, and a neutral point voltage control command that causes the neutral point voltage V CN to match the first reference voltage V rrfl is calculated and output.
- the neutral point voltage control command is a command to create an output pattern of a PWM (pulse width modulation) command that raises or lowers the value of the neutral point voltage.
- the two isolation amplifiers 6, which are insulation circuits, are used to input the neutral point voltage V CN and the first reference voltage V refI to the calculation circuit 3. I need.
- Such an insulation circuit is necessary because the calculation circuit 3 is generally driven by a different power supply from the main circuit of the inverter.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a three-phase neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device capable of efficiently suppressing neutral point potential fluctuations, improving safety, and improving output voltage quality. is there. ⁇
- the positive bus, the negative bus, and the neutral are connected to the three-phase output terminals, respectively.
- the first calculated value which is the product of the calculated time value of the three-phase output voltage and the predicted neutral point current value in that state, is obtained.
- the second and third calculated values which are the product of the calculated value of the output voltage time and the predicted neutral current value in states 1 and 2, are obtained.
- the current flowing through the neutral conductor is set to zero, or the neutral potential of the three-phase output voltage is set to an intermediate value between the positive bus and the negative bus voltage.
- the time ratio between states 1 and 2 during the PWM cycle is determined so as to approach a certain potential.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive, highly reliable and accurate neutral point voltage control device.
- a first reference voltage value that is a half of the voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus is subtracted from the value of the neutral point voltage.
- the subtracted value is smaller than the second reference voltage value which is a negative value, a signal for increasing the neutral point voltage is turned on, and the subtracted value is a third value which is a positive value.
- the signal for lowering the neutral point voltage is turned on, the above two signals are isolated and converted into a 2-bit digital signal, and the neutral point voltage is determined based on the digital signal. Calculate and output control commands.
- the difference between the neutral point voltage and each reference voltage value is represented by digital signals instead of analog signals, thereby providing a wide linear characteristic.Low cost without using expensive insulating means Insulating means for digital signals can be used, so that the entire device can be made inexpensive, and the difference between the neutral point voltage and each reference voltage value is processed by digital signals instead of analog signals. Since the influence of noise on the input to the calculation means can be reduced, the reliability of the device can be improved and a highly accurate neutral point voltage control device can be provided.
- Figure 1 is a circuit diagram showing the main circuit configuration of a three-level inverter
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a set of switch states of a three-phase neutral point clamped inverter
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of another set of switch states of a three-phase neutral point inverter
- Figure 4 is an output voltage space vector diagram of a three-phase neutral point clamp inverter
- Figure 5 is a block diagram of a conventional PWM pulse operation circuit
- Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional neutral point voltage controller
- FIG. 7 shows a PWM of a three-phase neutral point clamped inverse according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- Block diagram showing the configuration of the pulse calculator
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the neutral point voltage control device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the operation of the neutral point voltage control device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a neutral point voltage control device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a PWM pulse calculator applied to the three-phase neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device of the present embodiment.
- the three-phase neutral point clamp type PWM inverter device of the present embodiment includes a parameter calculator 101 for neutral point potential control, a beta time calculator 102, and a beta time register. 103 and a PWM pattern setting device 104.
- the regions where the output voltage vector V exists are configured as shown in FIG.
- a PWM pulse is output based on the vector.
- the betatones that make up the area are classified as shown in Fig. 4, and the betattle time calculator 102 calculates the total output time of each classified vector to output the output voltage vector V as the zero voltage vector.
- r (U), i (V), and i (W) are the measured values of the instantaneous load current value of the UVW phase, respectively, i (phasel), i (phase) when each vector is in that region. 2) and i (phase 3) change to i (U), i (V) and i (W), respectively, as shown in Table 2, so each neutral current is calculated as Can be calculated.
- phasel is the phase when the xp and xn vectors are output
- phase 2 is the phase when the z vector is output
- phase 3 is the phase when the yp and yn vectors are output.
- the neutral point current fluctuations can be made closer to zero by using ic, icx, and icy to make the neutral point potential fluctuation closer to zero. Then, the time ratio of the xp, xn, yp, and yn vectors may be determined. An example of a specific calculation method of the time ratio of each vector will be described below.
- the PWM pattern setting device 105 uses neutral point potential control parameters ⁇ 1 and ⁇ ; 2 for neutral point potential control as described in JP-A-2001-57784. The relationship between these parameters depends on the relationship between the region where the voltage vector exists and the phase current.
- ⁇ 1 ⁇ if i (hasel) ⁇ 0
- Table 1 below shows the correspondence between phasel, phase2, phase3, and the U, V, and W phases.
- the neutral point potential control parameter ⁇ is calculated by the neutral point potential control parameter calculator 106.
- ⁇ ′ ′ is an ⁇ offset adjustment parameter, which is used to forcibly control the neutral point potential when the neutral point potential is abnormal, etc., and is usually 0.5. Further, ⁇ and ⁇ are obtained as shown in the following (1) to (4).
- T 2 is calculated by the above calculation, and the generation of the vector is suppressed. If it is a time after this, it is possible to efficiently suppress the neutral point potential fluctuation with the above calculation as it is.
- the three-phase neutral point clamped PWM inverter of the present embodiment does not compensate for the neutral current flowing through the z-vector during the PWM cycle, It may be changed to compensate for the integrated value of the flowing current.
- ic is the time integral value of the neutral current that has flowed up to one time before, ic 0, and the neutral current i (phase 2) due to z betatle in the next PWM cycle. Change to use the sum of
- the time integral value ic 0 of the neutral current may be measured by a current sensor provided for the neutral wire, or may be calculated by prediction from a phase output current connected to the neutral wire. .
- the neutral point current is brought close to zero as in the three-phase neutral point-clamped PWM inverter device of the present embodiment, so that the neutral point potential fluctuation is obtained.
- the neutral point potential can be controlled to a potential intermediate between the positive bus and the negative bus potential simply by approaching the neutral current to zero. Disappears.
- the neutral-point potential control parameter calculator 101 detects the level of the neutral-point potential, and if the potential is higher than V 0, the neutral point is calculated from the calculated values of ic, icx, and icy.
- the line current may be increased in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, and if the potential is lower than V 0, calculation may be performed so as to increase the neutral current in the direction opposite to the direction of the arrow in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the neutral point voltage control device of the present embodiment.
- the neutral point voltage control device according to the present embodiment includes a subtractor 1, two comparators 2, a calculation circuit 3, and an insulation circuit 10.
- the subtractor 1 outputs a value obtained by subtracting the first reference voltage V ⁇ from the neutral point voltage V CN .
- the first reference voltage value v ⁇ fl is, as described above, a voltage value that is half the voltage between the points P and N (1/2- VPN ).
- Neutral voltage control apparatus of this embodiment in addition to the first reference voltage value V refl, the second criteria voltage V ref2 and the third reference voltage value V Rrf3 used.
- the second reference voltage values V ref2 and The third reference voltage value V ref3 is a negative value and a positive value, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- One comparator 2 turns on and outputs a signal for increasing the neutral point voltage to the calculation circuit 3 when the output value of the subtractor 1 is smaller than the second reference voltage value Vref2. .
- the other comparator 2 outputs a signal for lowering the neutral point voltage V CN to the calculation circuit 3 when the value of the output of the subtractor 1 is larger than the third reference voltage value V ref3 . Turn on and output.
- the signals output from the two comparators 2 are input to the isolation circuit 10 as 2-bit digital signals, and are input to the calculation circuit 3. Since the insulation circuit 10 is a circuit for handling digital signals, it is not necessary to have a linear characteristic or the like in a wide range, so that the isolation circuit 10 can be less expensive than the isolation amplifier 6 shown in FIG.
- the calculation circuit 3 inputs the outputs of the two comparators 2 and maintains the neutral point voltage as it is when no signal is input from the two comparators 2, and a signal for raising the neutral point voltage , A neutral point voltage control command that increases the neutral point voltage is created, and a neutral point voltage lowering signal is input when a neutral point voltage decreasing signal is input. Create a neutral point voltage control command.
- the neutral point voltage control device converts a difference between the neutral point voltage V CN and each reference voltage value from an analog signal to a digital signal to provide a wide linear characteristic. Since an inexpensive digital signal insulation circuit 10 can be used without using an expensive insulation circuit, the entire device can be made inexpensive. '
- the difference between the neutral point voltage V CN and each reference voltage value is processed by a digital signal instead of an analog signal, so that the noise with respect to the input of the calculation circuit 3 is reduced. Since the influence can be reduced, the reliability of the equipment can be improved and highly accurate neutral point voltage control can be performed.
- the neutral point voltage is included by providing a dead zone using the second reference voltage value Vref2 and the third reference voltage value vref3 as thresholds.
- Neutral point voltage control can be performed without being affected by low level noise. Can be.
- the threshold value based on the second reference voltage value V ref2 and the third reference voltage value V ref3 is set at a frequency that is three times the frequency output by the three-level skipper device. It is desirable to set it wider than the neutral point voltage fluctuation that occurs.
- the calculation circuit 3 may be configured by software, or may be configured by hardware such as an electric circuit.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the neutral point voltage control device of the present embodiment.
- the neutral point voltage control device of the present embodiment includes a comparator 4 instead of two comparators 2 and a storage device 5 instead of the calculation circuit 3. This is different from the neutral point voltage control device of the above-described embodiment.
- the comparator 4 inputs a value obtained by subtracting the first reference voltage V refl from the neutral point voltage V CN , and outputs a value obtained when the output value of the subtractor 1 is smaller than the second reference voltage value V ⁇ , And outputs three 2-bit digital signals having different values when the reference voltage value is equal to or higher than the third reference voltage value V ref3 and when the third reference voltage value is higher than the third reference voltage value V ef3 .
- the storage device 5 stores a table of a set of the value of the digital signal and a neutral point voltage control command to be output at that value in the case of inverter power regeneration or in the inverter according to the use condition. A plurality is stored according to the driving situation.
- the storage device 5 selects a table according to the current operating condition from among the tables, and outputs a neutral point voltage control command corresponding to the digital signal using the table.
- Table 2 shows the switching states and the change of the neutral point voltage.
- the switching state is a switching pattern when outputting a vector as shown in FIG. 4, and is shown in the order of the U phase, the V phase, and the W phase.
- P is the state where the phase is connected to the point P on the positive electrode side
- N is the state where the phase is connected to the point N on the negative electrode side
- O is the state where the phase is connected to the neutral point C. It is connected to the point.
- the ap vector ⁇ an vector is equivalent as an output line voltage, but has a different switching state. Considering the change in the point voltage, the rise is in the case of the ap vector and the fall is in the case of the an vector.
- the change of the neutral point voltage is reversed even during power regeneration and regeneration.
- the neutral point voltage depends on which vector is selected. Can be controlled.
- the neutral point voltage control device of the present embodiment by storing these relations as a table, it is possible to select a pattern for canceling the neutral point voltage fluctuation with respect to the fluctuation.
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01271687A EP1347565A4 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-11-30 | THREE LEVEL NEUTRAL POINT CLAMP PWM INVERTER AND NEUTRAL POINT VOLTAGE REGULATOR |
CNB018201784A CN100334801C (zh) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-11-30 | 中性点钳位式脉宽调制逆变器装置 |
KR1020037007601A KR100650358B1 (ko) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-11-30 | 3레벨 중성점 클램프식 펄스 폭 변조 인버터 장치 및중성점 전압 제어 장치 |
US10/433,891 US6795323B2 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-11-30 | Three-level neutral point clamping pwn inverter and neutral point voltage controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000-372889 | 2000-12-07 | ||
JP2000372889A JP3695522B2 (ja) | 2000-12-07 | 2000-12-07 | 3レベルインバータ装置 |
JP2000380915A JP3694763B2 (ja) | 2000-12-14 | 2000-12-14 | 3相中性点クランプ式pwmインバータ装置 |
JP2000-380915 | 2000-12-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2002050989A1 true WO2002050989A1 (fr) | 2002-06-27 |
Family
ID=26605422
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2001/010480 WO2002050989A1 (fr) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-11-30 | Convertisseur pwm de calage au point neutre a trois niveaux et unite de commande de tension du point neutre |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6795323B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1347565A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100650358B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100334801C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW546905B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002050989A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100650358B1 (ko) | 2006-11-27 |
CN100334801C (zh) | 2007-08-29 |
EP1347565A4 (en) | 2007-03-14 |
KR20030060980A (ko) | 2003-07-16 |
CN1479963A (zh) | 2004-03-03 |
EP1347565A1 (en) | 2003-09-24 |
US20040057262A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
TW546905B (en) | 2003-08-11 |
US6795323B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 |
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